NATURE MATERIALS
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  Nature Materials 3, 199–201 (2004)
 
  Materials recycling and industrial ecology
 
doi:10.1038/nmat1101
 
The Khian sea barge docked in Florida (June, 2002). The barge departed Pennsylvania in 1986, carrying almost 15,000 tons of municipal incinerator ash to a man-made island in the Bahamas for disposal. While en-route to the Bahamas, the Bahamian government announced that the waste would not be accepted. Over the next two years, unsuccessful attempts were made to unload the barge's cargo at many other ports in the Carribean, Africa and Asia. Almost 11,000 tons of ash was dumped illegally at sea, leading to executives of the shipping firm to be sent to a US Federal Prison. The saga finally ended some 16 years later, in June of 2002, when the remaining 4,000 tons of ash that had been illegally left in Haiti, was placed in the Mt. View Reclamation landfill in Pennsylvania, after tests that the state Department of Environmental Protection conducted verified that the ash was not toxic.
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