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Letter

Nature Materials 2, 528–531 (1 August 2003) | doi:10.1038/nmat943

Thermoelectric microdevice fabricated by a MEMS-like electrochemical process

G. Jeffrey Snyder , James R. Lim , Chen-Kuo Huang & Jean-Pierre Fleurial

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are the basis of many rapidly growing technologies, because they combine miniature sensors and actuators with communications and electronics at low cost. Commercial MEMS fabrication processes are limited to silicon-based materials or two-dimensional structures.