Energy-favoured grain rotation in nanocrystalline metals is shown to cause surface roughness at the atomic scale, providing fundamental insight for grain boundary engineering in materials design.
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Schiøtz, J., Jacobsen, K. Roughness in flatland. Nature Mater 16, 1059–1060 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat5015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat5015
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