Nature Medicine
4, 1032 - 1037 (1998)
doi:10.1038/2017
Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct
from group M and group OFrançois Simon1, Philippe Mauclère2, Pierre Roques3, Ibtissam Loussert-Ajaka1, Michaela C. Müller-Trutwin4, Sentob Saragosti5, Marie Claude Georges-Courbot6, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi4
& Françoise Brun-Vézinet11
Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Bichat,
Paris, France
2
Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, BP 1274,
Yaoundé, Cameroun
3
Service de Neurovirologie, DRM, CEA, Fontenay
aux Roses, France
4
Unité de Biologie des Rétrovirus, Institut
Pasteur, Paris, France
5
IMEA-INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris
, France
6
Centre International de Recherche médicale de
Franceville, Gabon
Correspondence should be addressed to François Simon francois.simon@bch.ap-hop-paris.frA highly divergent HIV-1 isolate, designated YBF 30, was obtained in 1995
from a 40-year-old Cameroonian woman with AIDS. Depending on the genes studied,
phylogenetic analysis showed that YBF30 branched either with SIVcpz-gab
or between SIVcpz-gab and HIV-1 group M. The structural
genes and tat, vpr, and nef of YBF30 are approximately
equidistant from those of HIV-1 group M and SIVcpz-gab. In contrast,
vif and rev are closer to HIV-1 group M, and vpu is highly
divergent. Using a YBF30 V3 loop peptide enzyme immunoassay, we screened 700
HIV-1-positive sera collected in Cameroon; three reacted strongly with the
YBF30 peptides and one was confirmed as being related to YBF30 by genetic
analysis of a pol fragment. YBF30 is as distinct from SIVcpz-gab
as it is from HIV-1 group M and can thus be considered as the prototype
strain of a new human immunodeficiency virus group.
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