The twain shall meet - p1095

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1095

Announcing an initiative to connect commercially oriented academics with their local business community.

Abstract - | Full Text - The twain shall meet | PDF (90 KB) - The twain shall meet

Large trial to examine parasites' influence on global killers - p1097

Cassandra Willyard

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1097

Full Text - Large trial to examine parasites' influence on global killers | PDF (260 KB) - Large trial to examine parasites' influence on global killers

Survey of medical centers points to funding gaps - p1098

Erica Westly

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1098a

Full Text - Survey of medical centers points to funding gaps | PDF (147 KB) - Survey of medical centers points to funding gaps

Infections linked to prostate cancer - p1098

Vicki Brower

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1098b

Full Text - Infections linked to prostate cancer | PDF (147 KB) - Infections linked to prostate cancer

Value of health interventions underestimated by governments - p1099

Nayanah Siva

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1099a

Full Text - Value of health interventions underestimated by governments | PDF (152 KB) - Value of health interventions underestimated by governments

Closing Army pathology lab bristles at replacement attempt - p1099

Erica Westly

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1099b

Full Text - Closing Army pathology lab bristles at replacement attempt | PDF (152 KB) - Closing Army pathology lab bristles at replacement attempt

Harvard Medical School rescinds controversial media rules - p1100

Mike May

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1100a

Full Text - Harvard Medical School rescinds controversial media rules | PDF (184 KB) - Harvard Medical School rescinds controversial media rules

'Propaganda index' proposed for medical literature - pp1100 - 1101

Nicola Jones

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1100b

Full Text - 'Propaganda index' proposed for medical literature | PDF (311 KB) - 'Propaganda index' proposed for medical literature

Analysis of retractions puts spotlight on academia - p1101

Nicola Jones

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1101

Full Text - Analysis of retractions puts spotlight on academia | PDF (187 KB) - Analysis of retractions puts spotlight on academia

News in brief - pp1102 - 1103

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1102

Full Text - News in brief | PDF (846 KB) - News in brief

Straight talk with...Christopher Murray - pp1104 - 1105

Charlotte Schubert

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1104

Two years ago, Christopher Murray took the helm of the newly created Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Since 2007, the Institute has been churning out studies that that are shaping the debate on health care reform. Murray spoke with Charlotte Schubert about how having accurate numbers can add up to progress in health care.

Abstract - | Full Text - Straight talk with...Christopher Murray | PDF (270 KB) - Straight talk with...Christopher Murray

The most transparent research - pp1106 - 1109

Melinda Wenner

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1106

Biomedicine would be a breeze if organisms were transparent. With the ability to see through tissues, scientists could spot the development of tumors more easily in study animals. And biologists could study exactly how an animal's organs develop by observing them as they grow. In effect, the secrets of the body would be out there for everyone to see.

Abstract - | Full Text - The most transparent research | PDF (874 KB) - The most transparent research

CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility - pp1110 - 1112

Thomas J Urban, Amy C Weintrob, Jacques Fellay, Sara Colombo, Kevin V Shianna, Curtis Gumbs, Margalida Rotger, Kimberly Pelak, Kristen K Dang, Roger Detels, Jeremy J Martinson, Stephen J O'Brien, Norman L Letvin, Andrew J McMichael, Barton F Haynes, Mary Carrington, Amalio Telenti, Nelson L Michael & David B Goldstein

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1110

Full Text - CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility | PDF (1,282 KB) - CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Shrestha et al.

CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility - pp1112 - 1115

Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Jennifer Stanton, Eun-Young Kim, Kevin J Kunstman, John P Phair, Lisa P Jacobson & Steven M Wolinsky

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1112

Full Text - CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility | PDF (2,116 KB) - CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Shrestha et al.

Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1 - pp1115 - 1117

Sarah F Field, Joanna M M Howson, Lisa M Maier, Susan Walker, Neil M Walker, Deborah J Smyth, John A L Armour, David G Clayton & John A Todd

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1115

Full Text - Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1 | PDF (1,175 KB) - Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1 | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Shrestha et al.

Reply to: "CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility" and "Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1" - pp1117 - 1120

Weijing He, Hemant Kulkarni, John Castiblanco, Chisato Shimizu, Una Aluyen, Robert Maldonado, Andrew Carrillo, Madeline Griffin, Amanda Lipsitt, Lisa Beachy, Ludmila Shostakovich-Koretskaya, Andrea Mangano, Luisa Sen, Robert J B Nibbs, Caroline T Tiemessen, Hector Bolivar, Michael J Bamshad, Robert A Clark, Jane C Burns, Matthew J Dolan & Sunil K Ahuja

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1117

Full Text - Reply to: "CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility" and "Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1" | PDF (1,739 KB) - Reply to: "CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility" and "Experimental aspects of copy number variant assays at CCL3L1" | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Shrestha et al.

Smallpox outfoxed - p1121

Ellen G Strauss reviews Smallpox—The Death of a Disease: The Inside Story of Eradicating a Worldwide Killer by D.A. Henderson

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1121

Full Text - Smallpox outfoxed | PDF (92 KB) - Smallpox outfoxed

Gateway to the diseased brain - pp1123 - 1124

Federico Mingozzi & Katherine A High

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1123

The blood-brain barrier constitutes a major obstacle to effective treatment of diseases affecting the central nervous system. A new strategy to target specifically the endothelium of diseased brain may allow the development of more effective gene-based therapies (pages 1215–1218).

Abstract - | Full Text - Gateway to the diseased brain | PDF (251 KB) - Gateway to the diseased brain

See also: Letter by Chen et al.

Preserving fertility during cancer treatment - pp1124 - 1125

Teresa K Woodruff

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1124

Imatinib (trade name Gleevec) preserves fertility in female mice treated with the common chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Imatinib seems to block an apoptotic pathway activated by cisplatin in ovarian germ cells (pages 1179–1185). The findings could lead to new ways to protect germ cells from the damaging effects of cancer treatment.

Abstract - | Full Text - Preserving fertility during cancer treatment | PDF (730 KB) - Preserving fertility during cancer treatment

See also: Article by Gonfloni et al.

Epilepsy: synapses stuck in childhood - pp1126 - 1127

Matteo Caleo

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1126

Mouse experiments show how mutation of a gene involved in human epilepsy causes hyperexcitability of the neuronal network (pages 1208–1214). The mutations interfere with the maturation of excitatory synapses during postnatal development.

Abstract - | Full Text - Epilepsy: synapses stuck in childhood | PDF (370 KB) - Epilepsy: synapses stuck in childhood

See also: Article by Zhou et al.

Gene copy number: learning to count past two - pp1127 - 1129

Sadeep Shrestha, Jianming Tang & Richard A Kaslow

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1127

The number of copies of the gene encoding a ligand for an HIV co-receptor have been found to influence the susceptibility to HIV infection and AIDS progression. New studies dispute this conclusion. The studies are contested by the authors of the original findings, and highlight the inherent difficulties in accurately measuring gene copy numbers (pages 1110–1112, 1112–1115, 1115–1117 and 1117–1120).

Abstract - | Full Text - Gene copy number: learning to count past two | PDF (196 KB) - Gene copy number: learning to count past two

See also: Correspondence by Urban et al. | Correspondence by Bhattacharya et al. | Correspondence by Field et al. | Correspondence by He et al.

Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: the dilemma of silent disease - p1130

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1130

Full Text - Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: the dilemma of silent disease | PDF (120 KB) - Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: the dilemma of silent disease

Bleeding in the brain: Killer waves of depolarization in subarachnoid bleed - pp1131 - 1132

Costantino Iadecola

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1131

Hemorrhages in the brain are responsible for about 15% of strokes and are particularly difficult to treat. Costantino Iadecola assesses a new clinical study that may change the view of why a common form of hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, often leads to death. Massive brain lesions often develop days after the initial event, a dangerous complication previously attributed to vasospasm, narrowing of the arteries. The study suggests that these lesions may instead by caused by neuronal depolarization, extending in waves across the brain. Gregory del Zoppo explores the connection between deposition of toxic amyloid- peptides in the brain and hemorrhage. He discusses studies suggesting that the peptides inactivate proteins in the blood that can stop hemorrhage.

Abstract - | Full Text - Bleeding in the brain: Killer waves of depolarization in subarachnoid bleed | PDF (405 KB) - Bleeding in the brain: Killer waves of depolarization in subarachnoid bleed

Bleeding in the brain: Amyloid- may keep clots away - pp1132 - 1133

Gregory J del Zoppo

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1132

Full Text - Bleeding in the brain: Amyloid- may keep clots away | PDF (199 KB) - Bleeding in the brain: Amyloid- may keep clots away

Research Highlights - pp1134 - 1135

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1134

Full Text - Research Highlights | PDF (324 KB) - Research Highlights

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Lasker Awards and papal portraiture: turning fields upside down - pp1137 - 1140

Joseph L Goldstein

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1137

Full Text - Lasker Awards and papal portraiture: turning fields upside down | PDF (449 KB) - Lasker Awards and papal portraiture: turning fields upside down

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Nuclear reprogramming in eggs - pp1141 - 1144

John Gurdon

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1141

Full Text - Nuclear reprogramming in eggs | PDF (1,049 KB) - Nuclear reprogramming in eggs

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Ekiden to iPS Cells - pp1145 - 1148

Shinya Yamanaka

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1145

Full Text - Ekiden to iPS Cells | PDF (1,241 KB) - Ekiden to iPS Cells

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Perspectives on the development of imatinib and the future of cancer research - pp1149 - 1152

Brian J Druker

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1149

Full Text - Perspectives on the development of imatinib and the future of cancer research | PDF (630 KB) - Perspectives on the development of imatinib and the future of cancer research

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Attacking cancer at its foundation - pp1153 - 1157

Nicholas Lydon

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1153

Full Text - Attacking cancer at its foundation | PDF (837 KB) - Attacking cancer at its foundation

2009 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards

Shifting paradigms: the seeds of oncogene addiction - pp1158 - 1161

Charles L Sawyers

doi:10.1038/nm1009-1158

Full Text - Shifting paradigms: the seeds of oncogene addiction | PDF (979 KB) - Shifting paradigms: the seeds of oncogene addiction

An integrin _v3–c-Src oncogenic unit promotes anchorage-independence and tumor progression - pp1163 - 1169

Jay S Desgrosellier, Leo A Barnes, David J Shields, Miller Huang, Steven K Lau, Nicolas Prévost, David Tarin, Sanford J Shattil & David A Cheresh

doi:10.1038/nm.2009

Abstract - | Full Text - An integrin v3–c-Src oncogenic unit promotes anchorage-independence and tumor progression | PDF (1,189 KB) - An integrin v3–c-Src oncogenic unit promotes anchorage-independence and tumor progression | Supplementary information

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1–dependent adaptive immunity against tumors - pp1170 - 1178

François Ghiringhelli, Lionel Apetoh, Antoine Tesniere, Laetitia Aymeric, Yuting Ma, Carla Ortiz, Karim Vermaelen, Theocharis Panaretakis, Grégoire Mignot, Evelyn Ullrich, Jean-Luc Perfettini, Frédéric Schlemmer, Ezgi Tasdemir, Martin Uhl, Pierre Génin, Ahmet Civas, Bernhard Ryffel, Jean Kanellopoulos, Jürg Tschopp, Fabrice André, Rosette Lidereau, Nicole M McLaughlin, Nicole M Haynes, Mark J Smyth, Guido Kroemer & Laurence Zitvogel

doi:10.1038/nm.2028

Dying tumor cells release ATP, which activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells, enabling the secretion of interleukin-1 and the subsequent priming of tumor-specific interferon--producing T lymphocytes.

Abstract - | Full Text - Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1–dependent adaptive immunity against tumors | PDF (1,077 KB) - Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1–dependent adaptive immunity against tumors | Supplementary information

Inhibition of the c-Abl–TAp63 pathway protects mouse oocytes from chemotherapy-induced death - pp1179 - 1185

Stefania Gonfloni, Lucia Di Tella, Sara Caldarola, Stefano M Cannata, Francesca G Klinger, Claudia Di Bartolomeo, Maurizio Mattei, Eleonora Candi, Massimo De Felici, Gerry Melino & Gianni Cesareni

doi:10.1038/nm.2033

Chemotherapy often leads to premature death of oocytes, and thus infertility, in young individuals with cancer. Here, Stefania Gonfloni and her colleagues show that chemotherapy-induced activation of the kinase c-Abl is responsible for this oocyte failure and that, in vivo, the c-Abl inhibitor imatinib prevents this effect (pages 1124–1125).

Abstract - | Full Text - Inhibition of the c-Abl–TAp63 pathway protects mouse oocytes from chemotherapy-induced death | PDF (1,623 KB) - Inhibition of the c-Abl–TAp63 pathway protects mouse oocytes from chemotherapy-induced death | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Woodruff

Kcne2 deletion uncovers its crucial role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis - pp1186 - 1194

Torsten K Roepke, Elizabeth C King, Andrea Reyna-Neyra, Monika Paroder, Kerry Purtell, Wade Koba, Eugene Fine, Daniel J Lerner, Nancy Carrasco & Geoffrey W Abbott

doi:10.1038/nm.2029

Torsten Roepke et al. show that the potassium channel subunit KCNE2—which previously has been most recognized for its role in controlling electrical activity in the heart—is important for normal thyroid function. KCNE2, together with its partner KCNQ1, is expressed in both mouse and human thyroid epithelial cells, and Kcne2 deficiency in mice leads to a constellation of defects resulting from decreased thyroid hormone biosynthesis. These results suggest new genetic links between thyroid and heart function.

Abstract - | Full Text - Kcne2 deletion uncovers its crucial role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis | PDF (1,652 KB) - Kcne2 deletion uncovers its crucial role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis | Supplementary information

The obesity susceptibility gene Cpe links FoxO1 signaling in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons with regulation of food intake - pp1195 - 1201

Leona Plum, Hua V Lin, Roxanne Dutia, Jun Tanaka, Kumiko S Aizawa, Michihiro Matsumoto, Andrea J Kim, Niamh X Cawley, Ji-Hye Paik, Y Peng Loh, Ronald A DePinho, Sharon L Wardlaw & Domenico Accili

doi:10.1038/nm.2026

Insulin action in the brain is known to inhibit food intake. Now Leona Plum and her colleagues show that in hypothalamic neurons insulin inhibits FoxO1-mediated transcriptional repression of Cpe, a gene that encodes a carboxypeptidase that is required for proper processing of key anorexigenic neuropeptides. The team also found that this pathway is disturbed in states of diet-induced obesity, suggesting that obesity-induced insulin resistance may affect obesity even further.

Abstract - | Full Text - The obesity susceptibility gene Cpe links FoxO1 signaling in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons with regulation of food intake | PDF (707 KB) - The obesity susceptibility gene Cpe links FoxO1 signaling in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons with regulation of food intake | Supplementary information

Inhibition of calpain increases LIS1 expression and partially rescues in vivo phenotypes in a mouse model of lissencephaly - pp1202 - 1207

Masami Yamada, Yuko Yoshida, Daisuke Mori, Takako Takitoh, Mineko Kengaku, Hiroki Umeshima, Keizo Takao, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa, Makoto Sato, Hiroyuki Sorimachi, Anthony Wynshaw-Boris & Shinji Hirotsune

doi:10.1038/nm.2023

Lissencephaly is a developmental brain disorder caused by mutations in LIS1 and characterized by impaired neuronal migration. Inhibiting calpain prevents LIS1 degradation in heterozygous mice and rescues the defective neuronal migration in utero.

Abstract - | Full Text - Inhibition of calpain increases LIS1 expression and partially rescues in vivo phenotypes in a mouse model of lissencephaly | PDF (649 KB) - Inhibition of calpain increases LIS1 expression and partially rescues in vivo phenotypes in a mouse model of lissencephaly | Supplementary information

Arrested maturation of excitatory synapses in autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy - pp1208 - 1214

Yu-Dong Zhou, Sanghoon Lee, Zhe Jin, Moriah Wright, Stephen E P Smith & Matthew P Anderson

doi:10.1038/nm.2019

LGI1, a gene linked to epilepsy in humans, promotes disease by impairing the maturation of glutamatergic circuits in the mouse brain.

Abstract - | Full Text - Arrested maturation of excitatory synapses in autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy | PDF (1,494 KB) - Arrested maturation of excitatory synapses in autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Caleo

Molecular signatures of disease brain endothelia provide new sites for CNS-directed enzyme therapy - pp1215 - 1218

Yong Hong Chen, Michael Chang & Beverly L Davidson

doi:10.1038/nm.2025

Abstract - | Full Text - Molecular signatures of disease brain endothelia provide new sites for CNS-directed enzyme therapy | PDF (632 KB) - Molecular signatures of disease brain endothelia provide new sites for CNS-directed enzyme therapy | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Mingozzi & High

Three-dimensional microscopy of the tumor microenvironment in vivo using optical frequency domain imaging - pp1219 - 1223

Benjamin J Vakoc, Ryan M Lanning, James A Tyrrell, Timothy P Padera, Lisa A Bartlett, Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos, Lance L Munn, Guillermo J Tearney, Dai Fukumura, Rakesh K Jain & Brett E Bouma

doi:10.1038/nm.1971

Optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) is a wide-field, three-dimensional intravital imaging technique that provides information on the entire tumor vasculature and surrounding tissue microenvironment, allowing visualization of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during tumor growth and with therapy. Here, Vakoc et al. show that, in contrast to multiphoton microscopy, OFDI can image at greater tissue depths with a wider field of view and without the need for exogenous contrast agents.

Abstract - | Full Text - Three-dimensional microscopy of the tumor microenvironment in vivo using optical frequency domain imaging | PDF (1,322 KB) - Three-dimensional microscopy of the tumor microenvironment in vivo using optical frequency domain imaging | Supplementary information

Development of universal antidotes to control aptamer activity - pp1224 - 1228

Sabah Oney, Ruby T S Lam, Kristin M Bompiani, Charlene M Blake, George Quick, Jeremy D Heidel, Joanna Yi-Ching Liu, Brendan C Mack, Mark E Davis, Kam W Leong & Bruce A Sullenger

doi:10.1038/nm.1990

In an effort to develop safer therapeutic agents and to limit unintended side effects, Sabah Oney and her colleagues have designed a set of antidote molecules for a series of aptamers exhibiting anticoagulant activities. These so-called universal antidotes are shown to sequester circulating aptamers and reverse their activity, irrespective of the primary sequence and folded structure of the aptamer.

Abstract - | Full Text - Development of universal antidotes to control aptamer activity | PDF (360 KB) - Development of universal antidotes to control aptamer activity | Supplementary information