Getting with the program - p223

doi:10.1038/nm0308-223

An Institute of Medicine report recommends that the United States government create a program to provide consistent guidelines for clinical interventions. The reliability of the guidelines will depend on the availability of the clinical data to be assessed.

Abstract - | Full Text - Getting with the program | PDF (90 KB) - Getting with the program

As demand for organs expands, so does transplant technology - p225

Alisa Opar

doi:10.1038/nm0308-225

Full Text - As demand for organs expands, so does transplant technology | PDF (266 KB) - As demand for organs expands, so does transplant technology

New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice - p226

Meredith Wadman

doi:10.1038/nm0308-226a

Full Text - New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice | PDF (106 KB) - New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice

Despite potential side effects, two drugs make a comeback - p226

Genevive Bjorn

doi:10.1038/nm0308-226b

Full Text - Despite potential side effects, two drugs make a comeback | PDF (106 KB) - Despite potential side effects, two drugs make a comeback

India continues crackdown, dismissing hundreds of AIDS groups - p227

T.V. Padma

doi:10.1038/nm0308-227a

Full Text - India continues crackdown, dismissing hundreds of AIDS groups | PDF (215 KB) - India continues crackdown, dismissing hundreds of AIDS groups

Swiss stance on HIV transmission sparks concern - p227

Genevive Bjorn

doi:10.1038/nm0308-227b

Full Text - Swiss stance on HIV transmission sparks concern | PDF (215 KB) - Swiss stance on HIV transmission sparks concern

News in brief - pp228 - 229

doi:10.1038/nm0308-228

Timeline of events...a brief look at the headlines from the past month

Abstract - | Full Text - News in brief | PDF (375 KB) - News in brief

The fight of your life - p230

Roxanne Khamsi

doi:10.1038/nm0308-230

Full Text - The fight of your life | PDF (616 KB) - The fight of your life

A matter of the heart - pp231 - 233

Amy Coombs

doi:10.1038/nm0308-231

Depression and negative emotions seem to worsen cardiac health, whereas a good laugh might improve blood vessel function. Clues from new experiments could help explain why and suggest better treatments for heart disease. Amy Coombs reports.

Abstract - | Full Text - A matter of the heart | PDF (724 KB) - A matter of the heart

Q & A: Anna Veiga - p234

Doug Sipp

doi:10.1038/nm0308-234

Despite the restrictions and controversy confronting stem cell research, labs around the world continue to derive new human embryonic stem cell lines and make them available to the global research community. The EU-funded Human Embryonic Stem Cell Registry (hESCreg) seeks to bring order to the growing number of available stem cell lines and the flood of related data, beginning with the cell lines created in European labs. The web-based registry, launched in January 2008 and accessible at http://www.hescreg.eu, aims to serve as a one-stop source of information about the origins and traits of these cell lines. Anna Veiga, the hESCreg scientific coordinator and director of the stem cell bank at the Centre of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, talks with Doug Sipp about how the project was conceived and where it might lead.

Abstract - | Full Text - Q & A: Anna Veiga | PDF (186 KB) - Q & A: Anna Veiga

No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production - pp235 - 236

Fengwen Zhang, David Perez-Caballero, Theodora Hatziioannou & Paul D Bieniasz

doi:10.1038/nm0308-235

Full Text - No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production | PDF (196 KB) - No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production

Reply to: No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production - pp236 - 238

Ryuta Sakuma, Seiga Ohmine, Amber A Mael, Josh A Noser & Yasuhiro Ikeda

doi:10.1038/nm0308-236

Full Text - Reply to: No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production | PDF (187 KB) - Reply to: No effect of endogenous TRIM5 on HIV-1 production | Supplementary information

The validity of alternative medicine - p238

David Jay Brown

doi:10.1038/nm0308-238a

Full Text - The validity of alternative medicine | PDF (82 KB) - The validity of alternative medicine

Reply to: The validity of alternative medicine - pp238 - 239

Bruno J Strasser

doi:10.1038/nm0308-238b

Full Text - Reply to: The validity of alternative medicine | PDF (92 KB) - Reply to: The validity of alternative medicine

Laboratory animals deserve better legal protection - p239

Jonathan Balcombe

doi:10.1038/nm0308-239a

Full Text - Laboratory animals deserve better legal protection | PDF (74 KB) - Laboratory animals deserve better legal protection

Animal experiments "represent outdated science" - p239

Kathy Guillermo

doi:10.1038/nm0308-239b

Full Text - Animal experiments "represent outdated science" | PDF (74 KB) - Animal experiments "represent outdated science"

Autism without borders - p241

Morton Ann Gernsbacher reviews Unstrange Minds: Remapping the World of Autism by Roy R Grinker

doi:10.1038/nm0308-241

Full Text - Autism without borders | PDF (117 KB) - Autism without borders

Taking two cuts at pain - pp243 - 244

Simon Beggs & Michael W Salter

doi:10.1038/nm0308-243

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are shedding their traditional roles in tissue remodeling and appearing as players in diseases of the nervous system. MMP2 and MMP9 provide the latest example, with converging roles in chronic pain after peripheral nerve injury (pages 331–336).

Abstract - | Full Text - Taking two cuts at pain | PDF (433 KB) - Taking two cuts at pain

See also: Letter by Kawasaki et al.

The weakness of a big heart - pp244 - 245

Thomas Force

doi:10.1038/nm0308-244

A well-known cell cycle regulator, p27^KIP1, and protein kinase CK2-´ mediate pathologic growth of cardiomyocytes. The findings have potential implications for the development of new treatment approaches to cardiac hypertrophy (pages 315–324).

Abstract - | Full Text - The weakness of a big heart | PDF (186 KB) - The weakness of a big heart

See also: Article by Hauck et al.

Notch inhibition reverses kidney failure - pp246 - 247

Matthias Kretzler & Lisa Allred

doi:10.1038/nm0308-246

Inhibition of the Notch pathway reverses damage in a mouse model of kidney disease (pages 290–298). The findings suggest that blockade of the Notch pathway through inhibition of -secretase activity may be an approach to combating glomerular failure.

Abstract - | Full Text - Notch inhibition reverses kidney failure | PDF (914 KB) - Notch inhibition reverses kidney failure

See also: Article by Niranjan et al.

Interleukin-22: a sheep in wolf's clothing - pp247 - 249

Arian Laurence, John J O'Shea & Wendy T Watford

doi:10.1038/nm0308-247

Interleukin-22, a component of the immune system most studied for its role in autoimmunity, has a more beneficial side. Two studies show how this cytokine fights off microbes in the mucosa of the lung and gut (pages 275–281 and 282–289).

Abstract - | Full Text - Interleukin-22: a sheep in wolf's clothing | PDF (384 KB) - Interleukin-22: a sheep in wolf's clothing

See also: Article by Aujla et al. | Article by Zheng et al.

Reducing glutamate signaling pays off in fragile X - pp249 - 250

Gary J Bassell & Christina Gross

doi:10.1038/nm0308-249

A recent theory about the basis for fragile X syndrome is now validated in a mouse model. The findings point the way to treatment options targeting group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors.

Abstract - | Full Text - Reducing glutamate signaling pays off in fragile X | PDF (228 KB) - Reducing glutamate signaling pays off in fragile X

Research Highlights - pp252 - 253

doi:10.1038/nm0308-252

Full Text - Research Highlights | PDF (306 KB) - Research Highlights

Perivascular nitric oxide gradients normalize tumor vasculature - pp255 - 257

Satoshi Kashiwagi, Kosuke Tsukada, Lei Xu, Junichi Miyazaki, Sergey V Kozin, James A Tyrrell, William C Sessa, Leo E Gerweck, Rakesh K Jain & Dai Fukumura

doi:10.1038/nm1730

Abstract - | Full Text - Perivascular nitric oxide gradients normalize tumor vasculature | PDF (298 KB) - Perivascular nitric oxide gradients normalize tumor vasculature | Supplementary information

A20 is an antigen presentation attenuator, and its inhibition overcomes regulatory T cell–mediated suppression - pp258 - 265

Xiao-Tong Song, Kevin Evel Kabler, Lei Shen, Lisa Rollins, Xue F Huang & Si-Yi Chen

doi:10.1038/nm1721

Abstract - | Full Text - A20 is an antigen presentation attenuator, and its inhibition overcomes regulatory T cell–mediated suppression | PDF (449 KB) - A20 is an antigen presentation attenuator, and its inhibition overcomes regulatory T cell–mediated suppression | Supplementary information

Transcription factor FOXO3a controls the persistence of memory CD4⁺ T cells during HIV infection - pp266 - 274

Julien van Grevenynghe, Francesco A Procopio, Zhong He, Nicolas Chomont, Catherine Riou, Yuwei Zhang, Sylvain Gimmig, Genevieve Boucher, Peter Wilkinson, Yu Shi, Bader Yassine-Diab, Elias A Said, Lydie Trautmann, Mohamed El Far, Robert S Balderas, Mohamed-Rachid Boulassel, Jean-Pierre Routy, Elias K Haddad & Rafick-Pierre Sekaly

doi:10.1038/nm1728

Abstract - | Full Text - Transcription factor FOXO3a controls the persistence of memory CD4+ T cells during HIV infection | PDF (531 KB) - Transcription factor FOXO3a controls the persistence of memory CD4+ T cells during HIV infection | Supplementary information

IL-22 mediates mucosal host defense against Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia - pp275 - 281

Shean J Aujla, Yvonne R Chan, Mingquan Zheng, Mingjian Fei, David J Askew, Derek A Pociask, Todd A Reinhart, Florencia McAllister, Jennifer Edeal, Kristi Gaus, Shahid Husain, James L Kreindler, Patricia J Dubin, Joseph M Pilewski, Mike M Myerburg, Carol A Mason, Yoichiro Iwakura & Jay K Kolls

doi:10.1038/nm1710

Abstract - | Full Text - IL-22 mediates mucosal host defense against Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia | PDF (353 KB) - IL-22 mediates mucosal host defense against Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Laurence et al.

Interleukin-22 mediates early host defense against attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens - pp282 - 289

Yan Zheng, Patricia A Valdez, Dimitry M Danilenko, Yan Hu, Susan M Sa, Qian Gong, Alexander R Abbas, Zora Modrusan, Nico Ghilardi, Frederic J de Sauvage & Wenjun Ouyang

doi:10.1038/nm1720

Abstract - | Full Text - Interleukin-22 mediates early host defense against attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens | PDF (521 KB) - Interleukin-22 mediates early host defense against attaching and effacing bacterial pathogens | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Laurence et al.

The Notch pathway in podocytes plays a role in the development of glomerular disease - pp290 - 298

Thiruvur Niranjan, Bernhard Bielesz, Antje Gruenwald, Manish P Ponda, Jeffrey B Kopp, David B Thomas & Katalin Susztak

doi:10.1038/nm1731

Abstract - | Full Text - The Notch pathway in podocytes plays a role in the development of glomerular disease | PDF (696 KB) - The Notch pathway in podocytes plays a role in the development of glomerular disease | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Kretzler & Allred

Dimorphic effects of Notch signaling in bone homeostasis - pp299 - 305

Feyza Engin, Zhenqiang Yao, Tao Yang, Guang Zhou, Terry Bertin, Ming Ming Jiang, Yuqing Chen, Lisa Wang, Hui Zheng, Richard E Sutton, Brendan F Boyce & Brendan Lee

doi:10.1038/nm1712

Abstract - | Full Text - Dimorphic effects of Notch signaling in bone homeostasis | PDF (641 KB) - Dimorphic effects of Notch signaling in bone homeostasis | Supplementary information

Notch signaling maintains bone marrow mesenchymal progenitors by suppressing osteoblast differentiation - pp306 - 314

Matthew J Hilton, Xiaolin Tu, Ximei Wu, Shuting Bai, Haibo Zhao, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Henry M Kronenberg, Steven L Teitelbaum, F Patrick Ross, Raphael Kopan & Fanxin Long

doi:10.1038/nm1716

Abstract - | Full Text - Notch signaling maintains bone marrow mesenchymal progenitors by suppressing osteoblast differentiation | PDF (968 KB) - Notch signaling maintains bone marrow mesenchymal progenitors by suppressing osteoblast differentiation | Supplementary information

Protein kinase CK2 links extracellular growth factor signaling with the control of p27^Kip1 stability in the heart - pp315 - 324

Ludger Hauck, Christoph Harms, Junfeng An, Jens Rohne, Karen Gertz, Rainer Dietz, Matthias Endres & Rüdiger von Harsdorf

doi:10.1038/nm1729

Abstract - | Full Text - Protein kinase CK2 links extracellular growth factor signaling with the control of p27Kip1 stability in the heart | PDF (731 KB) - Protein kinase CK2 links extracellular growth factor signaling with the control of p27Kip1 stability in the heart | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Force

Kindlin-3 is essential for integrin activation and platelet aggregation - pp325 - 330

Markus Moser, Bernhard Nieswandt, Siegfried Ussar, Miroslava Pozgajova & Reinhard Fässler

doi:10.1038/nm1722

First Paragraph - | Full Text - Kindlin-3 is essential for integrin activation and platelet aggregation | PDF (307 KB) - Kindlin-3 is essential for integrin activation and platelet aggregation | Supplementary information

Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain - pp331 - 336

Yasuhiko Kawasaki, Zhen-Zhong Xu, Xiaoying Wang, Jong Yeon Park, Zhi-Ye Zhuang, Ping-Heng Tan, Yong-Jing Gao, Kristine Roy, Gabriel Corfas, Eng H Lo & Ru-Rong Ji

doi:10.1038/nm1723

First Paragraph - | Full Text - Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain | PDF (416 KB) - Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Beggs & Salter

Differential regulation of central nervous system autoimmunity by T_H1 and T_H17 cells - pp337 - 342

Ingunn M Stromnes, Lauren M Cerretti, Denny Liggitt, Robert A Harris & Joan M Goverman

doi:10.1038/nm1715

First Paragraph - | Full Text - Differential regulation of central nervous system autoimmunity by TH1 and TH17 cells | PDF (502 KB) - Differential regulation of central nervous system autoimmunity by TH1 and TH17 cells | Supplementary information

Noninvasive assessment of cancer response to therapy - pp343 - 349

Zhaozhong Han, Allie Fu, Hailun Wang, Roberto Diaz, Ling Geng, Halina Onishko & Dennis E Hallahan

doi:10.1038/nm1691

First Paragraph - | Full Text - Noninvasive assessment of cancer response to therapy | PDF (408 KB) - Noninvasive assessment of cancer response to therapy | Supplementary information

Corrigendum: Pim-1 regulates cardiomyocyte survival downstream of Akt - p350

John A Muraski, Marcello Rota, Yu Misao, Jenna Fransioli, Christopher Cottage, Natalie Gude, Grazia Esposito, Francesca Delucchi, Michael Arcarese, Roberto Alvarez, Sailay Siddiqi, Gregory N Emmanuel, Weitao Wu, Kimberlee Fischer, Joshua J Martindale, Christopher C Glembotski, Annarosa Leri, Jan Kajstura, Nancy Magnuson, Anton Berns, Remus M Beretta, Steven R Houser, Erik M Schaefer, Piero Anversa & Mark A Sussman

doi:10.1038/nm0308-350

Full Text - Corrigendum: Pim-1 regulates cardiomyocyte survival downstream of Akt | PDF (40 KB) - Corrigendum: Pim-1 regulates cardiomyocyte survival downstream of Akt