Nature Medicine
- 12, 905 - 907 (2006)
Published online: 23 July 2006; | doi:10.1038/nm1456
A potential molecular mechanism for hypersensitivity caused by formalin-inactivated vaccinesAmin Moghaddam1, 3, Wieslawa Olszewska2, 3, Belinda Wang2, John S Tregoning2, Rebecca Helson2, Quentin J Sattentau1 & Peter J M Openshaw21
The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK. 2
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK. 3
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence should be addressed to Peter J M Openshaw p.openshaw@imperial.ac.uk Heat, oxidation and exposure to aldehydes create reactive carbonyl groups on proteins, targeting antigens to scavenger receptors. Formaldehyde is widely used in making vaccines, but has been associated with atypical enhanced disease during subsequent infection with paramyxoviruses. We show that carbonyl groups on formaldehyde-treated vaccine antigens boost T helper type 2 (TH2) responses and enhance respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in mice, an effect partially reversible by chemical reduction of carbonyl groups.
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