Nature Medicine
- 12, 1423 - 1428 (2006)
Published online: 3 December 2006; | doi:10.1038/nm1458
Quantitative micro positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for the in vivo determination of pancreatic islet graft survivalSu-Jin Kim1, Doris J Doudet2, Andrei R Studenov3, Cuilan Nian1, Thomas J Ruth3, Sanjiv Sam Gambhir4 & Christopher H S McIntosh11
Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and the Diabetes Research Group, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. 2
Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, 2221 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada. 3
TRI-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF), 4004 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada. 4
Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, Bio-X Program, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, James H. Clark Center, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to Christopher H S McIntosh mcintoch@interchange.ubc.ca Islet transplantation is an attractive approach for treating type-1 diabetes, but there is a massive loss of transplanted islets. It is currently only possible to estimate islet mass indirectly, through measurement of circulating C-peptide and insulin levels. This type of estimation, however, is not sufficiently sensitive or reproducible for follow-up of individuals who have undergone islet transplantation. Here we show that islet graft survival could be assessed for 1 month in diabetic NOD mice using 9-(4-[18F]-fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([18F]FHBG)–positron emission tomography (PET) technology, the PET signal reflecting insulin secretory capacity of transplanted islets. Expression of the gene encoding viral interleukin-10 (vIL-10), was measurable in real time with PET scanning. Additionally, we addressed the clinical potential of this approach by visualizing transplanted islets in the liver, the preferred clinical transplantation site. We conclude that quantitative in vivo PET imaging is a valid method for facilitating the development of protocols for prolonging islet survival, with the potential for tracking human transplants.
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