Nature Medicine
- 12, 1429 - 1433 (2006)
Published online: 19 November 2006; | doi:10.1038/nm1450
Comprehensive volumetric optical microscopy in vivoSeok H Yun1, 2, Guillermo J Tearney1, 3, 4, Benjamin J Vakoc1, 2, Milen Shishkov1, 2, Wang Y Oh1, 2, Adrien E Desjardins1, 4, 5, Melissa J Suter1, 2, Raymond C Chan1, 6, John A Evans1, 7, Ik-Kyung Jang8, Norman S Nishioka1, 4, 7, Johannes F de Boer1, 2, 4 & Brett E Bouma1, 2, 41
Wellman Center for Photomedicine, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. 2
Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. 3
Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. 4
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. 5
Biophysics Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. 6
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. 7
Department of Gastroenterology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. 8
Department of Cardiology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to Brett E Bouma bouma@helix.mgh.harvard.edu Comprehensive volumetric microscopy of epithelial, mucosal and endothelial tissues in living human patients would have a profound impact in medicine by enabling diagnostic imaging at the cellular level over large surface areas. Considering the vast area of these tissues with respect to the desired sampling interval, achieving this goal requires rapid sampling. Although noninvasive diagnostic technologies are preferred, many applications could be served by minimally invasive instruments capable of accessing remote locations within the body. We have developed a fiber-optic imaging technique termed optical frequency-domain imaging (OFDI) that satisfies these requirements by rapidly acquiring high-resolution, cross-sectional images through flexible, narrow-diameter catheters. Using a prototype system, we show comprehensive microscopy of esophageal mucosa and of coronary arteries in vivo. Our pilot study results suggest that this technology may be a useful clinical tool for comprehensive diagnostic imaging for epithelial disease and for evaluating coronary pathology and iatrogenic effects.
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