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Nature Medicine 10, 778 - 780 (2004)
doi:10.1038/nm0804-778

Redistricting the retroviral restriction factors

Warner C Greene1

  1. Warner C. Greene is at the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94141, USA e-mail: wgreene@gladstone.ucsf.edu


The cytoplasmic protein TRIM5alpha blocks the growth of HIV in rhesus monkey cells. Three studies now show that TRIM5alpha is an even more broadly active inhibitor. It impairs the growth of highly divergent retroviruses in human and other primate cells and fully accounts for many previously described antiretroviral activities.


The recent discovery by Stemlau et al. that rhesus TRIM5alpha blocks the early growth of HIV within rhesus monkey cells1 has spread with tsunami-like force through the virology community. This viral restriction factor acts within cells, inhibiting HIV replication after entry but before reverse transcription of the viral RNA.

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