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Volume 10 Issue 10, October 2004

The cover depicts a side view, three-dimensional, magnetic resonance imaging scan of the white matter pathways throughout the brain. The blue color represents neuronal pathways running from the top (cortex)to the bottom (brainstem) of the brain, green colors represent pathways running from the front (left side of image) to the back (right side of image), and red colors show pathways running between the right and left hemispheres of the brain. Images and Text Copyright © 2003 Tom Barrick, Chris Clark, SGHMS/Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Commentary

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Book Review

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News & Views

  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), known as a mediator of blood vessel formation and permeability, now gains an essential position in allergic lung responses (pages 1095–1103).

    • Marc E Rothenberg
    News & Views
  • Clinical transplants of hematopoietic stem cells have a large spectrum of therapeutic applications, but these can be limited by insufficient stem cell numbers and the current inability to expand them in vitro. Inactivation of an enzyme that impedes stem-cell homing to the bone marrow may offer a simple alternative.

    • Connie Eaves
    News & Views
  • The reduction in blood flow to the brain that causes a stroke triggers a deadly cascade of events that can lead to brain death. Studies in mice show that activation of an adenosine receptor on neutrophils invading the brain from the blood contribute to the damage (pages 1081–1087).

    • Costantino Iadecola
    News & Views
  • After primary Leishmania major infection, two populations of CD4+ T cells, termed 'effector' and 'central memory' T cells, are generated. Work in mice shows that both populations can mediate protection against subsequent infection, and that persistent infection keeps the effector response robust (pages 1104–1110).

    • Robert A Seder
    • David L Sacks
    News & Views
  • Overeating can lead to the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. A component of the mTOR nutrient signaling pathway now bridges the mechanistic gap between obesity and insulin resistance.

    • Mary-Elizabeth Patti
    • Barbara B Kahn
    News & Views
  • The inability of axons to regenerate in the injured spinal cord leads to permanent paralysis. The discovery and cloning of Nogo, one of the axon growth inhibitors in myelin, was a major step in understanding the failure of axon regeneration. Subsequent work identifying the Nogo receptor and associated signaling factors has renewed optimism for the development of treatments to ease the brakes on axon regeneration after spinal cord trauma.

    • Lisa McKerracher
    • Samuel David
    News & Views
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