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Nature Medicine  1, 994 - 996 (1995)
doi:10.1038/nm1095-994

Dietary salt and blood pressure

Alan R. Dyer1, Rose Stamler1, Paul Elliott2 & Jeremiah Stamler1

  1Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA

  2Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London, WC1E 7HT, UK

High salt intake is believed to have adverse effects on blood pressure levels in humans. Now, for the first time, it has been shown to increase blood pressure in chimpanzees (pages 1009−1016).

REFERENCES
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  2. Stamler, J. Dietary salt and blood pressure. in The Third International Conference on Nutrition in Cardiovascular Diseases (eds Lee, K.T., Oike, Y. & Kanazawa, T.) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 676, 122−156. (1993). | ChemPort |
  3. Stamler, J., Stamler, R. & Pullman, T. (eds) The Epidemiology of Hypertension. (Grune & Stratton, New York, 1967).
  4. Cutler, J.A., Kotchen, T.A. & Obarzanek, E. (guest eds) The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop on Salt and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 17 (Suppl. I), I-1−I-221 (1991).
  5. McKeown, T. The direction of medical research. Lancet ii, 1281−1284. (1979). | Article |
  6. Denton, D. et al. The effect of increase of salt intake on blood pressure of chimpanzees. Nature Med. 1, 1009−1016. (1995). | Article | PubMed  | ISI | ChemPort |
  7. INTERSALT Cooperative Research Group. INTERSALT: An international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure: Results for 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion. Br. Med. J. 297, 319−328. (1988). | ISI |
  8. Dyer, A.R., Elliott, P., Shipley, M., Stamler, R. & Stamler, J. for the INTERSALT Cooperative Research Group. Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium with blood pressure in INTERSALT. Hypertension 23, 729−736. (1994). | PubMed  | ISI | ChemPort |
  9. Neaton, J.D., Kuller, L., Stamler, J. & Wentworth, D.N. Impact of systolic and diastolic blood pressure on cardiovascular mortality. in Hypertension: Physiology, Diagnosis, and Management, 2nd ed. (eds Laragh, J.H. & Brenner, B.M.) 127−144. (Raven Press, New York, 1995).
  10. Rose, G. The Strategy of Preventive Medicine. (Oxford Medical Publications, Oxford, 1992).
  11. Burt, V.L. et al. Prevalence of hypertension in the US adult population Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988−91. Hypertension 25, 305−313. (1995). | PubMed  | ISI | ChemPort |
  12. National High Blood pressure Education program. The fifth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC V). Arch. intern. Med. 153, 154−183. (1993). | PubMed  | ISI |
  13. National High Blood pressure Education program. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report on primary prevention of hypertension. Arch. intern. Med. 153, 186−208. (1993). | ISI |
  14. Shaper, A.G. Communities without hypertension. in Cardiovascular Disease in the Tropics 1:40 PMs Shaper, A. G., Hutt, M.S.R. & Fejfar, Z.) 77−83. (British Medical Association, London, 1974).
  15. Page, L.B., Damon, A. & Moellering, R.C. Antecedents of cardiovascular disease in six Solomon Island Societies. Circulation 49, 1132−1146. (1974). | PubMed  | ISI | ChemPort |
  16. Law, M.R., Frost, C.D. & Wald, N.J. By how much does dietary salt reduction lower blood pressure? I - Analysis of observational data among populations. II - Analysis of observational data within populations. III - Analysis of data from trials of salt reduction. Br. Med. J. 302, 811−824. (1991). | ISI | ChemPort |
  17. Weinberger, M. Sodium and volume sensitivity of blood pressure: Age and pressure change over time. Hypertension 18, 67−71. (1991). | PubMed  | ISI | ChemPort |
  18. Cardiovascular Review Group, Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy. Report on Nutritional Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease (Department of Health, Report on Health and Social Policy Number 46, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1974).
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