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In this Resource, the authors integrate multiomics data to show the effect of the transcription factors Blimp-1 and c-Maf on IL-10 and type 1 and 17 responses, which together protect against pathobiont-induced colitis.
Here, the authors describe biallelic loss-of-function variants in human SHARPIN in individuals with autoinflammation and immunodeficiency, termed sharpenia. They also successfully treat one of these individuals with TNF inhibitors.
Cupedo and colleagues show that neutrophils promote a tumor-supportive microenvironment via a self-amplifying interaction between neutrophils and bone marrow stromal cells. This scenario creates a promyeloma niche that is difficult to treat despite targeted therapies directed at the myeloma cells.
Profiling of plasma proteins in individuals with COVID-19 shows that complement activation and myeloid inflammation are major pathways in the pathogenesis of long COVID and identifies distinct profiles of immune dysregulation in individuals with long COVID, highlighting the heterogeneous and diverse nature of this disease.
Here the authors identify the transcription factor MEF2C as essential for human NK cell function and viral immunity in mice and humans. This control is exerted via regulation of lipid metabolism, and deficiency in MEF2C can be overcome by oleic acid supplementation.
Kratchmarov et al. identified a GATA3+ TH2 population that expresses the transcription factors TCF1 and LEF1 and sustains type 2 inflammation in tissues over a human lifetime, despite chronic antigen exposure.
In this Review, Kim et al. provide an overview of the prenatal immune conditions that contribute to the development of neurodevelopmental disorders and the immunological signatures and disorders associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
CD103+ T cells are associated with control over tumors but how this is mediated is unclear. Here the authors show that CD61 colocalizes and functionally combines with CD103 in the T cell synaptic response to promote antitumor T cell responses.
Here the authors show a mechanism by which mitochondrial electron transport and ROS contribute to the differentiation and function of regulatory B cells in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Autoantibodies that develop in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause long-term cognitive impairment that remains even after the systemic disease becomes quiescent. This study attributes the persistent cognitive symptoms of SLE to a self-sustaining neuroinflammatory process that continues indefinitely unless disrupted — which can be done using medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
Understanding normal hematopoiesis is critical to understanding disease. Technological advances are driving insight into human hematopoiesis at unprecedented resolution. Integrating ‘-omics’ datasets with machine learning has yielded a high-resolution map of primary human bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells that supports the study of immune cell development, as well as the origins of disease.
DNA sensing for the purposes of innate immunity is tricky when the DNA sensor can easily become stuck on chromosomes during cell division. The mechanism by which the trapped DNA sensor is degraded — and how this process can be balanced with added immune protection — is now reported.
In this Resource article, the authors integrate genomic, bioinformatic and flow cytometric data from human bone marrow to provide an atlas of hematopoietic progenitor cell states in health and disease.