Perspective abstract
Nature Immunology 8, 345 - 350 (2007)
doi:10.1038/ni0407-345
TH-17 cells in the circle of immunity and autoimmunity
Estelle Bettelli1, Mohamed Oukka2 & Vijay K Kuchroo1
- Estelle Bettelli and Vijay K. Kuchroo are in the Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
- Mohamed Oukka is in the Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Correspondence to: Vijay K Kuchroo1 e-mail: vkuchroo@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
Abstract
CD4+ effector T cells have been categorized into two subsets: T helper type 1 (TH1) and TH2. Another subset of T cells that produce interleukin 17 (IL-17; 'TH-17 cells') has been identified that is highly proinflammatory and induces severe autoimmunity. Whereas IL-23 serves to expand previously differentiated TH-17 cell populations, IL-6 and transforming growth factor-
(TGF-) induce the differentiation of TH-17 cells from naive precursors. These data suggest a dichotomy between CD4+ regulatory T cells positive for the transcription factor Foxp3 and TH-17 cells: TGF- induces Foxp3 and generates induced regulatory T cells, whereas IL-6 inhibits TGF--driven Foxp3 expression and together with TGF- induces TH-17 cells. Emerging data regarding TH-17 cells suggest a very important function for this T cell subset in immunity and disease.
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