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Nature Immunology 10, 138 - 140 (2009)
doi:10.1038/ni0209-138

Helping and harming have something in common

Gudrun F Debes1 & Steven L Reiner2

  1. Gudrun F. Debes is in the Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. e-mail: gdebes@vet.upenn.edu
  2. Steven L. Reiner is with the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
    e-mail: sreiner@mail.med.upenn.edu


The multifarious fates of CD4+ T helper cells mediate helpful and harmful immunity. An unexpected kinship between 'harmful' interleukin 17–producing T helper cells and 'helpful' follicular T helper cells has now been found.

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