Pushing the limits
Nature Immunology 9, 445 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-445
Responding to escalating violence by extremist animal-rights groups, academics are working proactively to prevent the harassment and harm of scientists.
]]>Pushing the limits
Nature Immunology 9, 445 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-445
Responding to escalating violence by extremist animal-rights groups, academics are working proactively to prevent the harassment and harm of scientists.
]]>Outside the box
Nature Immunology 9, 471 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-471
This Focus on natural killer cells aims to highlight what is currently known and what remains to be understood about these important innate immune cells.
]]>T cell heterogeneity: firmly fixed, predominantly plastic or merely malleable?
Nature Immunology 9, 450 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-450
Authors: John J O'Shea, Christopher A Hunter & Ronald N Germain
This report highlights the lively debate and discussions on lymphocyte plasticity and/or determinism that occurred at the second Ringberg Colloquium in February 2008 in the Bavarian hills near Tegernsee, Germany.
]]>Autoimmunity and transplantation: a meeting at the crossroads in Berlin
Nature Immunology 9, 447 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-447
Authors: Birgit Sawitzki, Petra Reinke, Hans-Dieter Volk, Kathryn Wood & Laurence A Turka
Every 2 years, scientists interested in immunomodulation meet to discuss new opportunities arising from interactions between basic science and clinical 'translation'. This report discusses the 8th International Conference on New Trends in Immunosuppression and Immunotherapy, 2008, in Berlin.
]]>Moving out: mobilizing activated T cells from lymphoid tissues
Nature Immunology 9, 455 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-455
Authors: Gabriel Berstein & Robert T Abraham
The intensity of cytokine-induced signaling by the kinase PI(3)K subunit p110δ proves to be an important regulator of T cell migration patterns. High PI(3)K activity functions through the nutrient and bioenergetic sensor mTOR to modulate the transcription factor KLF2 and thereby the repertoire of tissue-homing receptors expressed on effector T cells.
]]>Cross-presentation: avoiding trafficking chaos?
Nature Immunology 9, 461 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-461
Authors: Sudhir Pai Kasturi & Bali Pulendran
Cross-presentation of antigens is essential for the responses of cytotoxic T cells to tumors and viruses. Two new papers offer insights into the subcellular compartment and types of dendritic cells that mediate cross-presentation.
]]>CD3ɛ: PeRuSing for positive selection
Nature Immunology 9, 457 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-457
Authors: Jonathan S Maltzman & Gary A Koretzky
How engagement of surface T cell antigen receptors 'translates' into intracellular signal cascades remains vague. Genetic and biochemical experiments now allow modification of a model linking ligation of these receptors with CD3ɛ and other cytoplasmic signal-transduction 'machinery'.
]]>'Fine tuning' TLR signaling
Nature Immunology 9, 459 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-459
Author: Luke A J O'Neill
Toll-like receptor signaling induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. Inhibition of the kinase IRAK1 by the phosphatase SHP-1 provides reciprocal regulation of these pathways by dampening the former while enhancing the latter.
]]>Research Highlights
Nature Immunology 9, 465 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-465
]]>Research Highlights
Nature Immunology 9, 511 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-511
]]>Natural killer cell–directed therapies: moving from unexpected results to successful strategies
Nature Immunology 9, 486 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni1580
Authors: Magali Terme, Evelyn Ullrich, Nicolas F Delahaye, Nathalie Chaput & Laurence Zitvogel
]]>Mistaken notions about natural killer cells
Nature Immunology 9, 481 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni1583
Author: Wayne M Yokoyama
]]>Up on the tightrope: natural killer cell activation and inhibition
Nature Immunology 9, 495 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni1581
Author: Lewis L Lanier
]]>Functions of natural killer cells
Nature Immunology 9, 503 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni1582
Authors: Eric Vivier, Elena Tomasello, Myriam Baratin, Thierry Walzer & Sophie Ugolini
]]>Phosphatase SHP-1 promotes TLR- and RIG-I-activated production of type I interferon by inhibiting the kinase IRAK1
Nature Immunology 9, 542 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1604
Authors: Huazhang An, Jin Hou, Jun Zhou, Wei Zhao, Hongmei Xu, Yuejuan Zheng, Yizhi Yu, Shuxun Liu & Xuetao Cao
]]>Spatial and mechanistic separation of cross-presentation and endogenous antigen presentation
Nature Immunology 9, 558 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1601
Authors: Sven Burgdorf, Christian Schölz, Andreas Kautz, Robert Tampé & Christian Kurts
]]>Direct proteasome-independent cross-presentation of viral antigen by plasmacytoid dendritic cells on major histocompatibility complex class I
Nature Immunology 9, 551 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1602
Authors: Tiziana Di Pucchio, Bithi Chatterjee, Anna Smed-Sörensen, Sandra Clayton, Adam Palazzo, Monica Montes, Yaming Xue, Ira Mellman, Jacques Banchereau & John E Connolly
]]>Deactivation of the kinase IKK by CUEDC2 through recruitment of the phosphatase PP1
Nature Immunology 9, 533 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1600
Authors: Hui-Yan Li, Hui Liu, Chen-Hui Wang, Ji-Yan Zhang, Jiang-Hong Man, Yan-Fei Gao, Pei-Jing Zhang, Wei-Hua Li, Jie Zhao, Xin Pan, Tao Zhou, Wei-Li Gong, Ai-Ling Li & Xue-Min Zhang
]]>The proline-rich sequence of CD3ε controls T cell antigen receptor expression on and signaling potency in preselection CD4+CD8+ thymocytes
Nature Immunology 9, 522 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1608
Authors: Michaël Mingueneau, Amandine Sansoni, Claude Grégoire, Romain Roncagalli, Enrique Aguado, Arthur Weiss, Marie Malissen & Bernard Malissen
]]>Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase and nutrient-sensing mTOR pathways control T lymphocyte trafficking
Nature Immunology 9, 513 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.1603
Authors: Linda V Sinclair, David Finlay, Carmen Feijoo, Georgina H Cornish, Alex Gray, Ann Ager, Klaus Okkenhaug, Thijs J Hagenbeek, Hergen Spits & Doreen A Cantrell
]]>Corrigendum: CD160 inhibits activation of human CD4+ T cells through interaction with herpesvirus entry mediator
Nature Immunology 9, 567 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-567
Authors: Guifang Cai, Anukanth Anumanthan, Julia A Brown, Edward A Greenfield, Baogong Zhu & Gordon J Freeman
]]>Natural killer cells: diversity in search of a niche
Nature Immunology 9, 473 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni.f.201
Author: James P Di Santo
]]>Natural killer cell recognition of missing self
Nature Immunology 9, 477 (2008). doi:10.1038/ni0508-477
Author: Klas Kärre
The idea that NK cells can distinguish aberrant cells by recognizing 'absence of the expected', rather than 'presence of the unexpected' emerged more than 25 years ago. Klas Kärre recapitulates how the idea took shape, and the first five years of experimental work to test its general predictions.
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