The 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake ruptured part of a fault that typically slips in slow, transient events. Laboratory experiments show that when fault rocks are sheared at slow, plate tectonic speeds, the fault can slip either quickly or slowly.
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Savage, H. Taking it slow. Nature Geosci 8, 823–824 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2565
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2565