Letter abstract
Nature Geoscience 1, 114 - 117 (2007)
Published online: 23 December 2007 | doi:10.1038/ngeo100
Subject Categories: Oceanography | Biogeochemistry | Climate science
Decreased abundance of crustose coralline algae due to ocean acidification
Ilsa B. Kuffner1, Andreas J. Andersson2,3, Paul L. Jokiel4, Ku'ulei S. Rodgers4 & Fred T. Mackenzie2
Owing to anthropogenic emissions, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide could almost double between 2006 and 2100 according to business-as-usual carbon dioxide emission scenarios1. Because the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere2, 3, 4, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations will lead to increasing dissolved inorganic carbon and carbon dioxide in surface ocean waters, and hence acidification and lower carbonate saturation states2, 5. As a consequence, it has been suggested that marine calcifying organisms, for example corals, coralline algae, molluscs and foraminifera, will have difficulties producing their skeletons and shells at current rates6, 7, with potentially severe implications for marine ecosystems, including coral reefs6, 8, 9, 10, 11. Here we report a seven-week experiment exploring the effects of ocean acidification on crustose coralline algae, a cosmopolitan group of calcifying algae that is ecologically important in most shallow-water habitats12, 13, 14. Six outdoor mesocosms were continuously supplied with sea water from the adjacent reef and manipulated to simulate conditions of either ambient or elevated seawater carbon dioxide concentrations. The recruitment rate and growth of crustose coralline algae were severely inhibited in the elevated carbon dioxide mesocosms. Our findings suggest that ocean acidification due to human activities could cause significant change to benthic community structure in shallow-warm-water carbonate ecosystems.
- US Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center, St Petersburg, Florida 33701, USA
- University of Hawaii, Department of Oceanography, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
- Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, 17 Biological Lane, St George's, GE01, Bermuda
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, PO Box 1346, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA
Correspondence to: Ilsa B. Kuffner1 e-mail: ikuffner@usgs.gov
Correspondence to: Andreas J. Andersson2,3 e-mail: andreas.andersson@bios.edu
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