We carried out a genome-wide association study (318,237 SNPs) for insulin resistance and related phenotypes in 2,684 Indian Asians, with further testing in 11,955 individuals of Indian Asian or European ancestry. We found associations of rs12970134 near MC4R with waist circumference (P = 1.7 10^{- 9}) and, independently, with insulin resistance. Homozygotes for the risk allele of rs12970134 have 2 cm increased waist circumference. Common genetic variation near MC4R is associated with risk of adiposity and insulin resistance.

1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Pl., London W2 1PG, UK.
2. Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
3. Section of Genomic Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd., London W12 0NN, UK.
4. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 8090-Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France.
5. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd., London W12 0NN, UK.
6. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence to: Jaspal S Kooner⁵ e-mail: j.kooner@imperial.ac.uk

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