Letter abstract
Nature Genetics 40, 466 - 470 (2008)
Published online: 16 March 2008 | doi:10.1038/ng.116
Transient-mediated fate determination in a transcriptional circuit of HIV
Leor S Weinberger1, Roy D Dar2,3,5 & Michael L Simpson2,4
Steady-state behavior and bistability have been proposed as mechanisms for decision making in gene circuits1, 2, 3. However, transient gene expression has also been proposed to control cell fate4, 5, with the decision arbitrated by the duration of a transient gene expression pulse. Here, using an HIV-1 model system, we directly quantify transcriptional feedback strength and its effects on both the duration of HIV-1 Tat transcriptional pulses and the fate of HIV-infected cells. By measuring shifts in the autocorrelation of noise inherent to gene expression, we found that transcriptional positive feedback extends the single-cell Tat expression lifetime two- to sixfold for both minimal Tat circuits and full length, actively replicating HIV-1. Notably, artificial weakening of Tat positive feedback shortened the duration of Tat expression transients and biased the probability in favor of latency. Thus, transcriptional positive feedback can modulate transient expression lifetime to a greater extent than protein half-life modulation, and it has a critical role in the cell-fate decision in HIV.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive 0314, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: Leor S Weinberger1 e-mail: lsw@ucsd.edu
Correspondence to: Michael L Simpson2,4 e-mail: simpsonml1@ornl.gov