Letter abstract
Nature Genetics 40, 113 - 117 (2008)
Published online: 23 December 2007 | doi:10.1038/ng.2007.49
Identification and characterization of high-flux-control genes of yeast through competition analyses in continuous cultures
Daniela Delneri1, David C Hoyle2,6, Konstantinos Gkargkas1,5,6, Emma J M Cross3, Bharat Rash1, Leo Zeef1, Hui-Sun Leong1, Hazel M Davey3, Andrew Hayes1, Douglas B Kell4, Gareth W Griffith3 & Stephen G Oliver1,5
Using competition experiments in continuous cultures grown in different nutrient environments (glucose limited, ammonium limited, phosphate limited and white grape juice), we identified genes that show haploinsufficiency phenotypes (reduced growth rate when hemizygous) or haploproficiency phenotypes (increased growth rate when hemizygous). Haploproficient genes (815, 1,194, 733 and 654 in glucose-limited, ammonium-limited, phosphate-limited and white grape juice environments, respectively) frequently show that phenotype in a specific environmental context. For instance, genes encoding components of the ubiquitination pathway or the proteasome show haploproficiency in nitrogen-limited conditions where protein conservation may be beneficial. Haploinsufficiency is more likely to be observed in all environments, as is the case with genes determining polar growth of the cell. Haploproficient genes seem randomly distributed in the genome, whereas haploinsufficient genes (685, 765, 1,277 and 217 in glucose-limited, ammonium-limited, phosphate-limited and white grape juice environments, respectively) are over-represented on chromosome III. This chromosome determines a yeast's mating type, and the concentration of haploinsufficient genes there may be a mechanism to prevent its loss.
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
- Northwest Institute for Bio-Health Informatics (NIBHI), School of Medicine, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Edward Llwyd Building, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales SY23 3DA, UK.
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
- Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK (K.G. and S.G.O.).
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: Stephen G Oliver1,5 e-mail: steve.oliver@bioc.cam.ac.uk
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