Nature Genetics
- 38, 1375 - 1377 (2006)
Published online: 29 October 2006; | doi:10.1038/ng1914
Diversity of microRNAs in human and chimpanzee brainEugene Berezikov1, Fritz Thuemmler2, Linda W van Laake1, 3, Ivanela Kondova4, Ronald Bontrop4, Edwin Cuppen1 & Ronald H A Plasterk11
Hubrecht Laboratory–KNAW, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands. 2
Vertis Biotechnologie AG, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 30, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany. 3
Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4
Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 139, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Correspondence should be addressed to Ronald H A Plasterk plasterk@niob.knaw.nl We used massively parallel sequencing to compare the microRNA (miRNA) content of human and chimpanzee brains, and we identified 447 new miRNA genes. Many of the new miRNAs are not conserved beyond primates, indicating their recent origin, and some miRNAs seem species specific, whereas others are expanded in one species through duplication events. These data suggest that evolution of miRNAs is an ongoing process and that along with ancient, highly conserved miRNAs, there are a number of emerging miRNAs.
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