Nature Genetics
37, 590 - 592 (2005)
Published online: 22 May 2005; | doi:10.1038/ng1571
A screen of the complete protein kinase gene family identifies diverse patterns of somatic mutations in human breast cancerPhilip Stephens1, Sarah Edkins1, Helen Davies1, Chris Greenman1, Charles Cox1, Chris Hunter1, Graham Bignell1, Jon Teague1, Raffaella Smith1, Claire Stevens1, Sarah O'Meara1, Adrian Parker1, Patrick Tarpey1, Tim Avis1, Andy Barthorpe1, Lisa Brackenbury1, Gemma Buck1, Adam Butler1, Jody Clements1, Jennifer Cole1, Ed Dicks1, Ken Edwards1, Simon Forbes1, Matthew Gorton1, Kristian Gray1, Kelly Halliday1, Rachel Harrison1, Katy Hills1, Jonathon Hinton1, David Jones1, Vivienne Kosmidou1, Ross Laman1, Richard Lugg1, Andrew Menzies1, Janet Perry1, Robert Petty1, Keiran Raine1, Rebecca Shepherd1, Alexandra Small1, Helen Solomon1, Yvonne Stephens1, Calli Tofts1, Jennifer Varian1, Anthony Webb1, Sofie West1, Sara Widaa1, Andrew Yates1, Francis Brasseur2, Colin S Cooper3, Adrienne M Flanagan4, Anthony Green5, Maggie Knowles6, Suet Y Leung7, Leendert H J Looijenga8, Bruce Malkowicz9, Marco A Pierotti10, Bin Teh11, Siu T Yuen7, Andrew G Nicholson12, Sunil Lakhani13, Douglas F Easton14, Barbara L Weber15, Michael R Stratton1, 3, P Andrew Futreal1
& Richard Wooster11
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. 2
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 74 Avenue Hippocrate, B-1200
Brussels, Belgium. 3
Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK. 4
The Institute of Orthopaedics, Univeristy College London, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK. 5
Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge
CB2 2XY, UK. 6
Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK. 7
Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 8
Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, 3015 GE
Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 9
Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104, USA. 10
Nazionale Tumori and FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy. 11
Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
49503, USA. 12
Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP, UK. 13
Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London
SW3 6JB, UK. 14
Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidemiology Group, Strangeways Research Laboratories, Cambridge, CB1 4RN, UK. 15
University of Pennsylvania Cancer Centre, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to Michael R Stratton mrs@sanger.ac.ukWe examined the coding sequence of 518 protein kinases,  1.3 Mb of DNA per sample, in 25 breast cancers. In many tumors, we detected no somatic mutations. But a few had numerous somatic mutations with distinctive patterns indicative of either a mutator phenotype or a past exposure.
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