 | Figure 1
Nature Genetics
36, S48 - S53 (2004)
Published online: ; | doi:10.1038/ng1456
Assessing genetic contributions to phenotypic differences among 'racial' and 'ethnic' groupsJoanna L Mountain
& Neil Risch | | | | Figure 1. Two examples of group differences influenced by environmental or genetic factors.
(a) Absolute pitch in individuals with early musical training (before age 6) versus those without early musical training. Absolute pitch manifests primarily in the group that received early musical training, is familial and may have a genetic component in the presence of this environmental factor22. This potential genetic influence does not manifest in the absence of early musical training, and therefore the heritability of absolute pitch in a group with no early musical training would presumably be low. The difference in distribution is primarily environmental. Data derived from ref. 21. (b) Taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide in Europeans versus Native Americans. The phenylthiocarbamide tasting gene (TAS2R38, also called PTC) on chromosome 7 is polymorphic in a European population sample, in which the low-sensitivity haplotype has a frequency of 0.50 and homozygotes are at frequency of 0.25. This haplotype is absent in a Native American population sample, in whom the heritability is presumably low. In this case, the difference in distribution is genetic. Data derived from ref. 56.
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