Jennifer H Mansfield1, Brian D Harfe2, 3, Robert Nissen4, John Obenauer3, Jalagani Srineel5, Aadel Chaudhuri3, Raphael Farzan-Kashani3, Michael Zuker6, Amy E Pasquinelli1, 7, 9, Gary Ruvkun1, 7, Phillip A Sharp3, 8, Clifford J Tabin1
& Michael T McManus3, 91
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
2
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainsville, Florida 32610, USA.
3
Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
4
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
5
Department of Computer Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
6
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
7
Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
8
Department of Biology, McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
9
Present addresses: Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA (A.E.P.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA (M.T.M.).
Correspondence should be addressed to Clifford J Tabin tabin@genetics.med.harvard.edu or Michael T McManus mmcmanus@diabetes.ucsf.edu
22-nt) noncoding RNA molecules that downregulate expression of their mRNA targets. Since their discovery as regulators of developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans, hundreds of miRNAs have been identified in both animals and plants
