Nature Genetics
2, 212 - 215 (1992)
doi:10.1038/ng1192-212
Insulin gene region−encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is not restricted to HLA−DR4−positive individualsS.C. Bain1, 2, J.B. Prins1, C.M. Hearne1, N.R. Rodrigues1, B.R. Rowe2, L.E. Pritchard1, R.J. Ritchie1, J.R.S. Hall1, D.E. Undlien4, K.S. Ronningen4, D.B. Dunger3, A.H. Barnett2
& J.A. Todd1
1Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
2Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham and East Birmingham Hospital, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham B9 5ST, UK
3Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
4Institute of Transplantation Immunology, The National Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway Type 1 or insulin−dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease of the insulin−producing pancreatic  −cells which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. The major histocompatibility complex and the insulin gene region (INS) on human chromosomes 6p and 11 p, respectively, contain susceptibility genes. Using a mostly French data set, evidence for linkage of INS to IDDM was recently obtained but only in male meioses (suggesting involvement of maternal imprinting) and only in HLA−DR4−positive diabetics. In contrast, we find evidence for linkage in both male and female meioses and that the effect of the susceptibility gene(s) in the INS region is not dependent on the presence of HLA−DR4.
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