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Published online 27 August 2008 | Nature 454, 1038 (2008) | doi:10.1038/4541038a

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Death and life beneath the sea floor

Viral action identified as key component in carbon cycle.

Viruses that infect microbes in deep-sea sediments may be a key driver in the world's largest ecosystem and integral to the global carbon cycle, data reveal.

Lytic viruses, which cause infected cells to burst, kill about 80% of the single-celled organisms in the sediment and sub-surface ocean layers, researchers calculate, thereby releasing large amounts of dissolved carbon into the deep seas1.

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