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Published online 15 August 2007 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news070813-7

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HIV triggers the 'opposite of cancer' in the brain

Study unpicks how AIDS causes dementia.

A study showing how HIV could prevent the brain from making new neurons offers an explanation for why some AIDS patients get dementia — and suggests a possible treatment.

Dementia due to HIV is the leading cause of cognitive decline in people under 40 years of age, says Stuart Lipton, a biologist at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research in La Jolla, California, who led the study in Cell Stem Cell1.

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