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Published online 2 November 2001 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news011108-2

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Canaries change their tune

Maths says bird song is as simple as muscle and breath control.

Canaries owe their complex songs to good voice control, according to a new mathematical model. By manipulating the air pressure and muscles in their vocal organ, the syrinx, birds can produce a huge repertoire of sound, Tim Gardner of Rockefeller University in New York and colleagues calculate1.

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