Advance online publication
The latest research papers, published online ahead of print. These online versions are definitive and may be cited using the digital object identifier (DOI).
About advance online publicationBrief Communications
Self-modulation of neocortical pyramidal neurons by endocannabinoids
Silvia Marinelli, Simone Pacioni, Astrid Cannich, Giovanni Marsicano & Alberto Bacci
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2430
This study finds that excitatory neurons in cortical layer 2/3 can respond to their own firing with persistent hyperpolarization, termed slow self-inhibition or SSI. This process is mediated by endocannabinoids and regulates neuronal excitability.
Abstract - Self-modulation of neocortical pyramidal neurons by endocannabinoids | Full Text - Self-modulation of neocortical pyramidal neurons by endocannabinoids | PDF (448 KB) - Self-modulation of neocortical pyramidal neurons by endocannabinoids | Supplementary information
Thrombospondin 1 accelerates synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons through neuroligin 1
Junyu Xu, Nan Xiao & Jun Xia
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2459
In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, thrombospondin 1 hastened synapse formation via interaction with neuroligin 1.
Abstract - Thrombospondin 1 accelerates synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons through neuroligin 1 | Full Text - Thrombospondin 1 accelerates synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons through neuroligin 1 | PDF (794 KB) - Thrombospondin 1 accelerates synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons through neuroligin 1 | Supplementary information
Dissociable cost and benefit encoding of future rewards by mesolimbic dopamine
Jerylin O Gan, Mark E Walton & Paul E M Phillips
Published online: 10 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2460
Cue-evoked activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is proposed to encode the magnitude, delay and uncertainty of predicted rewards. Here the authors report that this activity separates costs and benefits, as it does not encode the costs of the action required to obtain predicted rewards.
Abstract - Dissociable cost and benefit encoding of future rewards by mesolimbic dopamine | Full Text - Dissociable cost and benefit encoding of future rewards by mesolimbic dopamine | PDF (364 KB) - Dissociable cost and benefit encoding of future rewards by mesolimbic dopamine | Supplementary information
Experience-dependent compartmentalized dendritic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons
Judit K Makara, Attila Losonczy, Quan Wen & Jeffrey C Magee
Published online: 08 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2428
Dendritic excitability is a plastic property of neurons. This study shows that exposure to an enriched environment increases propagation of dendritic sodium spikes in a subset of dendritic branches in CA1 pyramidal neurons. This effect is mediated by localized downregulation of A-type potassium channel function.
Abstract - Experience-dependent compartmentalized dendritic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons | Full Text - Experience-dependent compartmentalized dendritic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons | PDF (672 KB) - Experience-dependent compartmentalized dendritic plasticity in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons | Supplementary information
Self-generated theta oscillations in the hippocampus
Romain Goutagny, Jesse Jackson & Sylvain Williams
Published online: 01 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2440
Although numerous in vivo studies have suggested that hippocampal theta oscillations are generated by the extrinsic medial septal input, theoretical studies have suggested that the hippocampus has the minimal feedback circuitry necessary to intrinsically generate its own theta rhythm. Here, Goutagny et al. directly demonstrate such oscillation independently of external inputs.
Abstract - Self-generated theta oscillations in the hippocampus | Full Text - Self-generated theta oscillations in the hippocampus | PDF (2,007 KB) - Self-generated theta oscillations in the hippocampus | Supplementary information
The pathways of interoceptive awareness
Sahib S Khalsa, David Rudrauf, Justin S Feinstein & Daniel Tranel
Published online: 01 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2411
Studying a patient with selective damage to the insular and anterior cingulate cortex, the current study finds that these regions are not necessary for interoceptive awareness of one's own heartbeat, but the primary somatosensory cortex is required for such self-awareness.
Abstract - The pathways of interoceptive awareness | Full Text - The pathways of interoceptive awareness | PDF (950 KB) - The pathways of interoceptive awareness | Supplementary information
Articles
Postnatal NMDA receptor ablation in corticolimbic interneurons confers schizophrenia-like phenotypes
Juan E Belforte, Veronika Zsiros, Elyse R Sklar, Zhihong Jiang, Gu Yu, Yuqing Li, Elizabeth M Quinlan & Kazu Nakazawa
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2447
Nakazawa and colleagues describe a mouse strain in which the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor is selectively eliminated in cortical and hippocampal interneurons in early postnatal development. These mice have several behavioral deficits that are consistent with the theory that GABAergic dysfunction contributes to the pathology of several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.
Abstract - Postnatal NMDA receptor ablation in corticolimbic interneurons confers schizophrenia-like phenotypes | Full Text - Postnatal NMDA receptor ablation in corticolimbic interneurons confers schizophrenia-like phenotypes | PDF (1,320 KB) - Postnatal NMDA receptor ablation in corticolimbic interneurons confers schizophrenia-like phenotypes | Supplementary information
Attention improves performance primarily by reducing interneuronal correlations
Marlene R Cohen & John H R Maunsell
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2439
Previous work has suggested that visual attention improves behavioral performance by increasing the firing rates of individual sensory neurons. Recording from populations of neurons in monkey visual area V4, this study finds that most of the attentional improvement in the population signal results from decreases in interneuronal correlations.
Abstract - Attention improves performance primarily by reducing interneuronal correlations | Full Text - Attention improves performance primarily by reducing interneuronal correlations | PDF (470 KB) - Attention improves performance primarily by reducing interneuronal correlations | Supplementary information
Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins instruct discrete dendrite targeting in an olfactory map
Weizhe Hong, Haitao Zhu, Christopher J Potter, Gabrielle Barsh, Mitsuhiko Kurusu, Kai Zinn & Liqun Luo
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2442
In Drosophila, the connections between olfactory receptor neurons and projection neurons are highly specific. Here, the authors report that two leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins (Capricious and Tartan) serve as a mechanism for projection neuron dendrite targeting in the olfactory map.
Abstract - Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins instruct discrete dendrite targeting in an olfactory map | Full Text - Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins instruct discrete dendrite targeting in an olfactory map | PDF (1,590 KB) - Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins instruct discrete dendrite targeting in an olfactory map | Supplementary information
Glial precursors clear sensory neuron corpses during development via Jedi-1, an engulfment receptor
Hsiao-Huei Wu, Elena Bellmunt, Jami L Scheib, Victor Venegas, Cornelia Burkert, Louis F Reichardt, Zheng Zhou, Isabel Fariñas & Bruce D Carter
Published online: 15 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2446
During development of the peripheral ganglia, 50% of neurons die by apoptosis. This study finds that satellite glial cell precursors clear these neuronal corpses in developing dorsal root ganglia and identifies some of the molecular components involved in this phagocytosis.
Abstract - Glial precursors clear sensory neuron corpses during development via Jedi-1, an engulfment receptor | Full Text - Glial precursors clear sensory neuron corpses during development via Jedi-1, an engulfment receptor | PDF (1,483 KB) - Glial precursors clear sensory neuron corpses during development via Jedi-1, an engulfment receptor | Supplementary information
Vascular niche factor PEDF modulates Notch-dependent stemness in the adult subependymal zone
Celia Andreu-Agulló, José Manuel Morante-Redolat, Ana C Delgado & Isabel Fariñas
Published online: 08 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2437
Notch signaling is essential for the maintenance of adult neural stem cells in vivo. Here, Andreu-Agulló and colleagues show that PEDF, released from endothelial cells, enhances Notch signaling in the mouse subependymal zone by inactivating a repressor of Notch target genes.
Abstract - Vascular niche factor PEDF modulates Notch-dependent stemness in the adult subependymal zone | Full Text - Vascular niche factor PEDF modulates Notch-dependent stemness in the adult subependymal zone | PDF (1,580 KB) - Vascular niche factor PEDF modulates Notch-dependent stemness in the adult subependymal zone | Supplementary information
Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements
Yoshikazu Isomura, Rie Harukuni, Takashi Takekawa, Hidenori Aizawa & Tomoki Fukai
Published online: 08 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2431
Systematically monitoring the activities of various cortical pyramidal neurons and interneurons during different stages of locomotion, the authors characterize differential firing activities of motor cortex microcircuitry in behaving, head-restraint rats that were trained to push, pull or hold a lever for reward.
Abstract - Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements | Full Text - Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements | PDF (1,205 KB) - Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements | Supplementary information
Dynamic DNA methylation programs persistent adverse effects of early-life stress
Chris Murgatroyd, Alexandre V Patchev, Yonghe Wu, Vincenzo Micale, Yvonne Bockmühl, Dieter Fischer, Florian Holsboer, Carsten T Wotjak, Osborne F X Almeida & Dietmar Spengler
Published online: 08 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2436
Severe stress in early childhood can increase an individual's vulnerability to depression later in life. This study found that early-life stress in mice resulted in persistent elevation of the stress hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which was caused by persistent hypomethylation of CpG islands in the Avp promoter in the hypothalamus.
Abstract - Dynamic DNA methylation programs persistent adverse effects of early-life stress | Full Text - Dynamic DNA methylation programs persistent adverse effects of early-life stress | PDF (834 KB) - Dynamic DNA methylation programs persistent adverse effects of early-life stress | Supplementary information
Adult generation of glutamatergic olfactory bulb interneurons
Monika S Brill, Jovica Ninkovic, Eleanor Winpenny, Rebecca D Hodge, Ilknur Ozen, Roderick Yang, Alexandra Lepier, Sergio Gascón, Ferenc Erdelyi, Gabor Szabo, Carlos Parras, Francois Guillemot, Michael Frotscher, Benedikt Berninger, Robert F Hevner, Olivier Raineteau & Magdalena Götz
Published online: 01 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2416
Neural stem cells in the adult mouse SVZ are thought to only generate GABAergic olfactory bulb interneurons. This study reports that a dorsal region of the adult SVZ gives rise to a glutamatergic type of olfactory bulb neurons. These newborn glutamatergic neurons can be diverted to migrate into the cortex towards an injury, possibly contributing to repair.
Abstract - Adult generation of glutamatergic olfactory bulb interneurons | Full Text - Adult generation of glutamatergic olfactory bulb interneurons | PDF (2,303 KB) - Adult generation of glutamatergic olfactory bulb interneurons | Supplementary information
A genetic pathway composed of Sox14 and Mical governs severing of dendrites during pruning
Daniel Kirilly, Ying Gu, Yafen Huang, Zhuhao Wu, Arash Bashirullah, Boon Chuan Low, Alex L Kolodkin, Hongyan Wang & Fengwei Yu
Published online: 01 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2415
Certain Drosophila dendrites undergo major remodeling during metamorphosis. This study shows that the severing of larval dendrites, which is the first step of remodeling, depends on the upregulation of the cytoskeleton-binding protein Mical by the transcription factor Sox14.
Abstract - A genetic pathway composed of Sox14 and Mical governs severing of dendrites during pruning | Full Text - A genetic pathway composed of Sox14 and Mical governs severing of dendrites during pruning | PDF (1,577 KB) - A genetic pathway composed of Sox14 and Mical governs severing of dendrites during pruning | Supplementary information
Input normalization by global feedforward inhibition expands cortical dynamic range
Frédéric Pouille, Antonia Marin-Burgin, Hillel Adesnik, Bassam V Atallah & Massimo Scanziani
Published online: 01 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/nn.2441
The cortex is sensitive to weak stimuli, but also responds to stronger inputs without saturating. In this study, Scanziani and colleagues find some of the circuits that enable neuronal populations to respond to a wide range of input strengths.
Abstract - Input normalization by global feedforward inhibition expands cortical dynamic range | Full Text - Input normalization by global feedforward inhibition expands cortical dynamic range | PDF (1,128 KB) - Input normalization by global feedforward inhibition expands cortical dynamic range | Supplementary information
Until print versions of AOP papers are published, they should be cited in the style "Author(s) Nature Neuroscience advance online publication, day month year (doi:10.1038/neuroXXXXX)". Once the print version (identical to the AOP) is published, it should be cited as follows: "Author(s) Nature Neuroscience volume, page (year); advance online publication, (doi:10.1038/neuroXXXXX)".
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