Nature Neuroscience
- 9, 1284 - 1293 (2006)
Published online: 10 September 2006; | doi:10.1038/nn1764
Meninges control tangential migration of hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling
Víctor Borrell & Oscar Marín
Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
Correspondence should be addressed to Oscar Marín o.marin@umh.es
Cajal-Retzius cells are critical in the development of the cerebral cortex, but little is known about the mechanisms controlling their development. Three focal sources of Cajal-Retzius cells have been identified in mice—the cortical hem, the ventral pallium and the septum—from where they migrate tangentially to populate the cortical surface. Using a variety of tissue culture assays and in vivo manipulations, we demonstrate that the tangential migration of cortical hem–derived Cajal-Retzius cells is controlled by the meninges. We show that the meningeal membranes are a necessary and sufficient substrate for the tangential migration of Cajal-Retzius cells. We also show that the chemokine CXCL12 secreted by the meninges enhances the dispersion of Cajal-Retzius cells along the cortical surface, while retaining them within the marginal zone in a CXCR4-dependent manner. Thus, the meningeal membranes are fundamental in the development of Cajal-Retzius cells and, hence, in the normal development of the cerebral cortex.
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