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Volume 4 Issue 11, November 2001

Drosophila have periods of rest that are remarkably similar to mammalian sleep - including increased arousal thresholds and increased rest after prolonged waking. Using genetic tools in Drosphila, Hendricks and colleagues report that manipulating CREB levels changed the duration of rest and rest rebound in predictable ways without affecting the circadian clock. The results help to sort out the molecular relationship between homeostatic mechanisms, which track sleep debt and determine the probability of falling asleep, from circadian mechanisms, which help to organize sleep into characteristic bouts (usually night versus day). See page 1108.

Volume 4 Issue 11

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  • Local glutamate application is often achieved by removing a chemical 'cage' with ultraviolet light. Matsuzaki et al. report a new method for uncaging glutamate with infrared light, and show that the shape of individual dendritic spines correlates with AMPA receptor responses.

    • George J. Augustine
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  • Two initially identical zebrafish motoneurons adopt different fates before their axons arrive at the final target. A new paper suggests that an intermediate target is critical for this choice.

    • Thomas W. Gould
    • Ronald W. Oppenheim
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  • Auditory cortex in anesthetized animals responds poorly to rapid stimulus trains. In awake marmosets, rapidly repeating sounds are now shown to be represented by a rate code.

    • David R. Moore
    • Jan W. H. Schnupp
    • Andrew J. King
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  • An imaging study suggests memories may depend briefly on the hippocampus, and for a prolonged period on the entorhinal cortex, before being organized fully within the neocortex.

    • Howard Eichenbaum
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  • The events that transform a single cell into a fully developed individual with a complex nervous system have fascinated biologists for centuries. Advances in molecular biology, genomics and imaging have moved the investigation of development into the molecular realm and allowed researchers to follow cellular events in living animals. This special issue of Nature Neuroscience, sponsored by Cogent Neuroscience Inc., reviews recent progress in molecular approaches to developmental neuroscience.

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