Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Dual origins of functionally distinct O-LM interneurons revealed by differential 5-HT3AR expression

Nature Neuroscience volume 16, pages 1598–1607 (2013)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Forebrain circuits rely upon a relatively small but remarkably diverse population of GABAergic interneurons to bind and entrain large principal cell assemblies for network synchronization and rhythmogenesis. Despite the high degree of heterogeneity across cortical interneurons, members of a given subtype typically exhibit homogeneous developmental origins, neuromodulatory response profiles, morphological characteristics, neurochemical signatures and electrical features. Here we report a surprising divergence among hippocampal oriens-lacunosum moleculare (O-LM) projecting interneurons that have hitherto been considered a homogeneous cell population. Combined immunocytochemical, anatomical and electrophysiological interrogation of Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE mice revealed that O-LM cells parse into a caudal ganglionic eminence–derived subpopulation expressing 5-HT3A receptors (5-HT3ARs) and a medial ganglionic eminence–derived subpopulation lacking 5-HT3ARs. These two cohorts differentially participate in network oscillations, with 5-HT3AR-containing O-LM cell recruitment dictated by serotonergic tone. Thus, members of a seemingly uniform interneuron population can exhibit unique circuit functions and neuromodulatory properties dictated by disparate developmental origins.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1: Migration, hippocampal invasion and immunocytochemical profiles of GFP+ cells in Htr3a-GFP mice.
Figure 2: A persistent subpopulation of GFP+ interneurons coexpress SOM in CA1 stratum oriens of Htr3a-GFP mice.
Figure 3: Morphological and firing properties of SOM+ Htr3a-GFP+ O-A interneurons.
Figure 4: Htr3a-GFP+ and Nkx2-1-cre+ O-LM interneurons are largely non-overlapping subpopulations that are parsed by the functional expression of 5-HT3ARs.
Figure 5: Differential participation of CGE- and MGE-derived O-LM cells during kainate-induced gamma oscillations.
Figure 6: 5HT3AR activation during gamma oscillations increases the firing probability of CGE-derived O-LM cells but not MGE-derived O-LM cells.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. McBain, C.J. & Fisahn, A. Interneurons unbound. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 11–23 (2001).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Freund, T.F. & Buzsaki, G. Interneurons of the hippocampus. Hippocampus 6, 347–470 (1996).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Klausberger, T. & Somogyi, P. Neuronal diversity and temporal dynamics: the unity of hippocampal circuit operations. Science 321, 53–57 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Freund, T.F. Interneuron Diversity series: Rhythm and mood in perisomatic inhibition. Trends Neurosci. 26, 489–495 (2003).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Freund, T.F., Gulyas, A.I., Acsady, L., Gorcs, T. & Toth, K. Serotonergic control of the hippocampus via local inhibitory interneurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8501–8505 (1990).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Halasy, K., Miettinen, R., Szabat, E. & Freund, T.F. GABAergic interneurons are the major postsynaptic targets of median raphe afferents in the rat dentate gyrus. Eur. J. Neurosci. 4, 144–153 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Varga, V. et al. Fast synaptic subcortical control of hippocampal circuits. Science 326, 449–453 (2009).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ropert, N. & Guy, N. Serotonin facilitates GABAergic transmission in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus in vitro. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 441, 121–136 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee, S., Hjerling-Leffler, J., Zagha, E., Fishell, G. & Rudy, B. The largest group of superficial neocortical GABAergic interneurons expresses ionotropic serotonin receptors. J. Neurosci. 30, 16796–16808 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Rudy, B., Fishell, G., Lee, S. & Hjerling-Leffler, J. Three groups of interneurons account for nearly 100% of neocortical GABAergic neurons. Dev. Neurobiol. 71, 45–61 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Vucurovic, K. et al. Serotonin 3A receptor subtype as an early and protracted marker of cortical interneuron subpopulations. Cereb. Cortex 20, 2333–2347 (2010).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Tricoire, L. et al. A blueprint for the spatiotemporal origins of mouse hippocampal interneuron diversity. J. Neurosci. 31, 10948–10970 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Verney, C., Takahashi, T., Bhide, P.G., Nowakowski, R.S. & Caviness, V.S. Jr. Independent controls for neocortical neuron production and histogenetic cell death. Dev. Neurosci. 22, 125–138 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Tricoire, L. et al. Common origins of hippocampal Ivy and nitric oxide synthase expressing neurogliaform cells. J. Neurosci. 30, 2165–2176 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Wierenga, C.J. et al. Molecular and electrophysiological characterization of GFP-expressing CA1 interneurons in GAD65-GFP mice. PLoS ONE 5, e15915 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Fuentealba, P. et al. Expression of COUP-TFII nuclear receptor in restricted GABAergic neuronal populations in the adult rat hippocampus. J. Neurosci. 30, 1595–1609 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Ferraguti, F. et al. Immunolocalization of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1α (mGluR1α) in distinct classes of interneuron in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. Hippocampus 14, 193–215 (2004).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Miyoshi, G. et al. Genetic fate mapping reveals that the caudal ganglionic eminence produces a large and diverse population of superficial cortical interneurons. J. Neurosci. 30, 1582–1594 (2010).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Miyoshi, G., Butt, S.J., Takebayashi, H. & Fishell, G. Physiologically distinct temporal cohorts of cortical interneurons arise from telencephalic Olig2-expressing precursors. J. Neurosci. 27, 7786–7798 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Sousa, V.H., Miyoshi, G., Hjerling-Leffler, J., Karayannis, T. & Fishell, G. Characterization of Nkx6-2-derived neocortical interneuron lineages. Cereb. Cortex 19 (suppl. 1), i1–i10 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Fogarty, M. et al. Spatial genetic patterning of the embryonic neuroepithelium generates GABAergic interneuron diversity in the adult cortex. J. Neurosci. 27, 10935–10946 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Ascoli, G.A. et al. Petilla terminology: nomenclature of features of GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 557–568 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Ma, Y., Hu, H., Berrebi, A.S., Mathers, P.H. & Agmon, A. Distinct subtypes of somatostatin-containing neocortical interneurons revealed in transgenic mice. J. Neurosci. 26, 5069–5082 (2006).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Oliva, A.A. Jr., Jiang, M., Lam, T., Smith, K.L. & Swann, J.W. Novel hippocampal interneuronal subtypes identified using transgenic mice that express green fluorescent protein in GABAergic interneurons. J. Neurosci. 20, 3354–3368 (2000).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Lawrence, J.J., Statland, J.M., Grinspan, Z.M. & McBain, C.J. Cell type-specific dependence of muscarinic signalling in mouse hippocampal stratum oriens interneurones. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 570, 595–610 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Gong, S. et al. Targeting Cre recombinase to specific neuron populations with bacterial artificial chromosome constructs. J. Neurosci. 27, 9817–9823 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Madisen, L. et al. A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 133–140 (2010).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Maccaferri, G. Stratum oriens horizontal interneurone diversity and hippocampal network dynamics. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 562, 73–80 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Xu, Q., Tam, M. & Anderson, S.A. Fate mapping Nkx2.1-lineage cells in the mouse telencephalon. J. Comp. Neurol. 506, 16–29 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lawrence, J.J., Grinspan, Z.M., Statland, J.M. & McBain, C.J. Muscarinic receptor activation tunes mouse stratum oriens interneurones to amplify spike reliability. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 571, 555–562 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. McBain, C.J., Dichiara, T.J. & Kauer, J.A. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors differentially affects two classes of hippocampal interneurons and potentiates excitatory synaptic transmission. J. Neurosci. 14, 4433–4445 (1994).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Somogyi, P. & Klausberger, T. Defined types of cortical interneurone structure space and spike timing in the hippocampus. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 562, 9–26 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Dugladze, T., Schmitz, D., Whittington, M.A., Vida, I. & Gloveli, T. Segregation of axonal and somatic activity during fast network oscillations. Science 336, 1458–1461 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Gloveli, T. et al. Differential involvement of oriens/pyramidale interneurones in hippocampal network oscillations in vitro. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 562, 131–147 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Hájos, N. et al. Spike timing of distinct types of GABAergic interneuron during hippocampal gamma oscillations in vitro. J. Neurosci. 24, 9127–9137 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Wonders, C.P. & Anderson, S.A. The origin and specification of cortical interneurons. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 687–696 (2006).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Fishell, G. & Rudy, B. Mechanisms of inhibition within the telencephalon: where the wild things are. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 34, 535–567 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Close, J. et al. Satb1 is an activity-modulated transcription factor required for the terminal differentiation and connectivity of medial ganglionic eminence-derived cortical interneurons. J. Neurosci. 32, 17690–17705 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. Denaxa, M. et al. Maturation-promoting activity of SATB1 in MGE-derived cortical interneurons. Cell Rep. 2, 1351–1362 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Lawrence, J.J. Cholinergic control of GABA release: emerging parallels between neocortex and hippocampus. Trends Neurosci. 31, 317–327 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Cea-del Rio, C.A., McBain, C.J. & Pelkey, K.A. An update on cholinergic regulation of cholecystokinin-expressing basket cells. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 590, 695–702 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Freund, T.F. & Katona, I. Perisomatic inhibition. Neuron 56, 33–42 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Whittington, M.A., Cunningham, M.O., LeBeau, F.E., Racca, C. & Traub, R.D. Multiple origins of the cortical gamma rhythm. Dev. Neurobiol. 71, 92–106 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Bartos, M. & Elgueta, C. Functional characteristics of parvalbumin- and cholecystokinin-expressing basket cells. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 590, 669–681 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Tukker, J.J., Fuentealba, P., Hartwich, K., Somogyi, P. & Klausberger, T. Cell type-specific tuning of hippocampal interneuron firing during gamma oscillations in vivo. J. Neurosci. 27, 8184–8189 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Gulyás, A.I. et al. Parvalbumin-containing fast-spiking basket cells generate the field potential oscillations induced by cholinergic receptor activation in the hippocampus. J. Neurosci. 30, 15134–15145 (2010).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Klausberger, T. et al. Brain-state- and cell-type-specific firing of hippocampal interneurons in vivo. Nature 421, 844–848 (2003).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Varga, C., Golshani, P. & Soltesz, I. Frequency-invariant temporal ordering of interneuronal discharges during hippocampal oscillations in awake mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109, E2726–E2734 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Spampanato, J. & Mody, I. Spike timing of lacunosom-moleculare targeting interneurons and CA3 pyramidal cells during high-frequency network oscillations in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 98, 96–104 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Reznic, J. & Staubli, U. Effects of 5–HT3 receptor antagonism on hippocampal cellular activity in the freely moving rat. J. Neurophysiol. 77, 517–521 (1997).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Fisher, N.I. Statistical Analysis of Circular Data (Cambridge University Press, 1993).

  52. Zar, J.H. Biostatistical Analysis. 5th edn. (Pearson, 2010).

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank D. Abebe for expert technical assistance. We are grateful to S. Anderson (University of Pennsylvania) and G. Fishell (New York University) for providing the Nkx2-1-cre and the RCE reporter mouse lines, respectively. The GENSAT BAC-Cre driver line (Htr3a-NO152) mice were obtained from C. Gerfen (National Institute of Mental Health). We would also like to thank E. Mann (University of Oxford) for providing the code for the wavelet analyses. This work was supported by an NICHD intramural award to C.J.M.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Ludovic Tricoire

    Present address: Present address: Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR7102, Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Paris, France.,

  2. Ramesh Chittajallu, Michael T Craig and Ashley McFarland: These authors contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program in Developmental Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Ramesh Chittajallu, Michael T Craig, Ashley McFarland, Xiaoqing Yuan, Scott Gerfen, Ludovic Tricoire, Brian Erkkila, Sean C Barron, Carla M Lopez, Barry J Liang, Brian W Jeffries, Kenneth A Pelkey & Chris J McBain

Authors
  1. Ramesh Chittajallu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michael T Craig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ashley McFarland
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiaoqing Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Scott Gerfen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ludovic Tricoire
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Brian Erkkila
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Sean C Barron
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Carla M Lopez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Barry J Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Brian W Jeffries
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Kenneth A Pelkey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Chris J McBain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

R.C., M.T.C., A.M., S.C.B. and K.A.P. conducted the electrophysiological recordings. M.T.C. generated the hippocampal oscillation data. X.Y., S.G., L.T., B.E., C.M.L., B.J.L. and B.W.J., performed the immunocytochemical analyses. R.C., K.A.P. and C.J.M. designed the study and wrote the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenneth A Pelkey.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Integrated supplementary information

Supplementary Figure 1 Double labeled PV+/SOM+ O-A interneurons do not express Htr3a-GFP.

(a,b) Representative image of Parv+ (blue stain) and SOM+ (red stain) cells in O-A in the Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2.1-cre:RCE transgenic mouse lines. (c,d) Insets corresponding to regions delineated by dotted boxes in (a,b) showing the extent of co-localization of Htr3a-GFP- and NKX2.1Cre:RCE-expression in double labeled Parv+/SOM+ cells. (e) Histogram of the number of Htr3a-GFP- and Nkx2.1-cre:RCE -expressing cells that are Parv+/SOM+. Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2-1Cre:RCE data were derived from 3 separate mice each. 306-536 GFP+ O-A cells were counted from a total of 8–13 hippocampal sections per mouse. Box-and-whisker plots are constructed as follows; circle and line within box denotes mean and median, respectively; upper and lower limits of box and capped lines denote SEM and min/max data points, respectively.

Supplementary Figure 2 Presence of GFP+ O-LM interneurons in the CGE-reporter Mash1creER:RCE transgenic mouse line.

(a) GFP+ cells in the CA1 hippocampal region of the Mash1CreER:RCE mouse at P20 following a single tamoxifen injection at E14.5 (see methods). (b,c) Single example of morphology and corresponding firing pattern of a GFP+ non-fast spiking basket cell and O-LM interneuron cell located in O-A of the Mash1CreER:RCE mouse. A total of 8 GFP+ O-A interneurons were recovered that displayed O-LM morphology out of 58 O-A GFP+ cells recorded from 6 separate tamoxifen treated Mash1CreER:RCE mice.

Supplementary Figure 3 Both MGE- and CGE-derived O-LM interneurons display mAchR-mediated increase in firing frequency and ADP emergence.

(a,b) Morphology of identified Htr3a-GFP-expressing and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE-expressing O-LM interneurons (left panels). Firing patterns of Htr3a-GFP-expressing and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE-expressing O-LM interneurons in response to a 2 X threshold depolarizing current injection for 400 ms under baseline and in the presence of 20 - 40 mM carbachol (middle and right panels). Red dotted boxes delineates region of the AHP/ADP following depolarizing current injection. (c) Pooled graph showing carbachol-mediated changes in firing frequency in Htr3a-GFP-expressing and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE-expressing O-LM interneurons during the first and second half of the 2X threshold depolarizing current injection. (d) Pooled data of the carbachol-induced delta change in absolute membrane potential measured 100 ms after the end of the depolarizing current injection. Positive values depict a depolarizing effect of carbachol. Box-and-whisker plots are constructed as follows; circle and line within box denotes mean and median, respectively; upper and lower limits of box and capped lines denote SEM and min/max data points, respectively. Two each of the Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE mice were used and data are from 9 and 8 Htr3a-GFP+ and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE O-LM interneurons, respectively.

Supplementary Figure 4 MGE- and CGE-derived O-LM interneurons express functional group 1 mGlus.

(a,b) Single examples showing expression of mGlu1a by SOM+ Htr3a-GFP+and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE stratum oriens cells. (c,d) Morphology of Htr3a-GFP-expressing and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE-expressing O-LM cells in which current responses to a 3 minute bath application of 20 mM DHPG was tested. Single example traces showing that 20 mM DHPG application elicited a reversible inward current in all post-hoc identified Htr3a-GFP-expressing (3 cells; 2 mice) and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE-expressing O-LM (4 cells; 2 mice) interneurons. (e) Quantification of DHPG-elicited responses measured as the total charge during a period of 60 seconds following the onset of response. Box-and-whisker plots are constructed as follows; circle and line within box denotes mean and median, respectively; upper and lower limits of box and capped lines denote SEM and min/max data points, respectively.

Supplementary Figure 5 Kainate reliably induces hippocampal network oscillations within gamma frequency range in vitro.

(a) Schematic showing the in vitro slice experimental set-up. Local field potentials were recorded in CA1 stratum radiatum and gamma oscillations were induced with local application of 1 mM kainate, whilst observing the response of simultaneously recorded Htr3a-GFP-expressing or Nkx2-1-cre:RCE -expressing O-LM cells with or without the co-application of 1 μM mCPBG. (b) Gamma oscillations were readily visible in the local field recordings after brief application of KA (inset shows area denoted by the red bar). (c) Power density spectrum for the gamma oscillation period of the trace shown in b. (d) Wavelet transform of the trace shown in b, scaled to the peak Fourier frequency.

Supplementary Figure 6 The power of kainate-induced gamma oscillation does not vary significantly between Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE mice.

(a) Representative field recordings (top) from CA1 stratum radiatum during kainate-induced gamma for both Htr3a-GFP (left) and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE (right) mice. Same field recording on an expanded time base (middle) with the corresponding wavelet transform (bottom). (b) No significant difference in gamma band power between Htr3a-GFP (n = 28 cells from 19 mice) and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE (n = 11 cells from 7 mice) mice (p = 0.435, Mann-Whitney U test). (c) no significant difference in mean gamma oscillation frequency between Htr3a-GFP and Nkx2-1-cre:RCE mice (p = 0.413 Mann-Whitney U test). For (b) and (c), n=28 cells from 19 mice (Htr3a-GFP) and n=11 cells from 7 mice (Nkx2-1-cre:RCE). Error bars denote SEM.

Supplementary Figure 7 Htr3a-GFP+ O-LM interneurons fire less than simultaneously recorded Htr3a-GFP–negative O-LM interneurons during KA-induced gamma oscillations.

(a) Reconstruction of simultaneously recorded O-LM interneurons that did (bottom neuron) or did not (top neuron) express GFP in the Htr3a-GFP mouse. (b) Representative simultaneous recording between Htr3a-GFP -expressing and non-expressing O-LM interneurons during kainate-induced gamma, with field recording and wavelet transform of the field recording. (c) individual and pooled data for simultaneously -recorded Htr3a-GFP-expressing and non-expressing O-LM interneurons. *, p < 0.05, paired T-test (n=4 pairs from 3 mice). Error bars denote SEM.

Supplementary Figure 8 CGE-derived hippocampal SOM+ interneurons express Satb1.

(a) Representative image of the co-localization of O-A SOM+ cells (red stain) with Satb1 (blue stain). (b) Co-localization of O-A Htr3a-GFP-expressing/SOM+ cells with Satb1. (c) Histogram showing quantification of the number of O-A SOM+ cells, including those which are Htr3a-GFP-expressing that are also immunopositive for Satb1. Box-and-whisker plots are constructed as follows; circle and line within box denotes mean and median, respectively; upper and lower limits of box and capped lines denote SEM and min/max data points, respectively. Cell counts were performed on 3 separate Htr3a-GFP mice.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Text and Figures

Supplementary Figures 1–8 (PDF 16038 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chittajallu, R., Craig, M., McFarland, A. et al. Dual origins of functionally distinct O-LM interneurons revealed by differential 5-HT3AR expression. Nat Neurosci 16, 1598–1607 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3538

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3538

This article is cited by

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing