Article abstract
Nature Neuroscience 11, 200 - 208 (2008)
Published online: 20 January 2008 | doi:10.1038/nn2035
Molecular and electrophysiological evidence for net synaptic potentiation in wake and depression in sleep
Vladyslav V Vyazovskiy1,3, Chiara Cirelli1,3, Martha Pfister-Genskow1, Ugo Faraguna1,2 & Giulio Tononi1
Abstract
Plastic changes occurring during wakefulness aid in the acquisition and consolidation of memories. For some memories, further consolidation requires sleep, but whether plastic processes during wakefulness and sleep differ is unclear. We show that, in rat cortex and hippocampus, GluR1-containing AMPA receptor (AMPAR) levels are high during wakefulness and low during sleep, and changes in the phosphorylation states of AMPARs, CamKII and GSK3
are consistent with synaptic potentiation during wakefulness and depression during sleep. Furthermore, slope and amplitude of cortical evoked responses increase after wakefulness, decrease after sleep and correlate with changes in slow-wave activity, a marker of sleep pressure. Changes in molecular and electrophysiological indicators of synaptic strength are largely independent of the time of day. Finally, cortical long-term potentiation can be easily induced after sleep, but not after wakefulness. Thus, wakefulness appears to be associated with net synaptic potentiation, whereas sleep may favor global synaptic depression, thereby preserving an overall balance of synaptic strength.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd., Madison, Wisconsin 53719, USA.
- Scuola Superiore S. Anna, Via Giosue' Carducci 40, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: Chiara Cirelli1,3 e-mail: ccirelli@wisc.edu
Correspondence to: Giulio Tononi1 e-mail: gtononi@wisc.edu
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