Should frozen section examination of the ureteral margins be routinely performed during cystectomy?
John P Stein
Correspondence Keck School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Suite 7416, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Email stein_j@ccnt.usc.edu
This article has no abstract so we have provided the first paragraph of the full text.
The value of ureteral FSE at the time of cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma is a topic of debate. Proponents claim that, by attaining a negative FSE, recurrence at the ureteroileal anastomosis can be avoided and individuals at risk of upper-tract recurrence can be identified and followed up; however, others claim that attaining a negative FSE does not change the ultimate risk of upper-tract recurrence, and that most patients with upper-tract disease die from systemic rather than local failure.1
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