Practice Point

Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology (2008) 4, 356-357
doi:10.1038/ncpneph0831  
Received 12 March 2008 | Accepted 7 April 2008 | Published online: 20 May 2008

How should peritoneal-dialysis-associated peritonitis be treated?

Beth Piraino* and Filitsa Bender

Correspondence *Renal Electrolyte Division, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3504 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3504, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

Email
 piraino@pitt.edu

In this Practice Point commentary, we discuss Wiggins et al.'s systematic review of the treatment of peritonitis, a serious problem in peritoneal dialysis patients. Wiggins and co-workers reported that most antibiotic classes were similarly effective for the treatment of peritonitis. Despite the limited data available, the investigators found that the intraperitoneal route was more effective than the intravenous route in preventing treatment failure, that intermittent dosing of various antibiotics was as effective as continuous administration of these drugs, and that glycopeptide-based regimens were more likely than first-generation cephalosporins to achieve a complete cure. Here, we discuss the importance of treating peritonitis and the lack of and limitations of existing data, and emphasize the urgent need for well-designed, large randomized trials in this area.

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