Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Device-level complexity represents a big shortcoming for the hardware realization of analogue memory-based deep neural networks. Mackin et al. report a generalized computational framework, translating software-trained weights into analogue hardware weights, to minimise inference accuracy degradation.
Noble gases confirm billion-year groundwater residence times and external fluxes in deep crustal settings globally with implications for subsurface habitability and economic reservoir formation over planetary timescales both on Earth and beyond
Trace metals have been an important ingredient for life throughout Earth’s history. Here, the authors show that a member of an elusive archaeal lineage (Caldarchaeales or Aigarchaeota) requires tungsten for growth, and provide evidence that tungsten-dependent metabolism played a role in the origin and evolution of this lineage.
Host versus graft reaction is a major impediment to CAR-T cell immune therapy in allogeneic settings. Authors show here that CAR-T cells, engineered to be deficient in MHC I expression but to express the NK inhibitor HLA-E, are resistant to destruction by both T and NK cells of the host.
The inherited basis of body fat distribution is not fully understood. Here, the authors use genetic data and MRI-derived measures of local adiposity to highlight fat depot-specific genetic architecture with implications for cardiometabolic health.
A patient with a multidrug-resistant bacterial infection was successfully treated in 2016 using phage therapy. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of the therapeutic phages and three bacterial strains isolated before and during treatment, and show that the same mutations conferring phage resistance are found in in vitro-generated mutants and in phage-insensitive strains isolated from the patient.
Tight junctions are formed by claudin proteins that can be classified as pore- or barrier-forming. Here, Shashikanth et al. report a third function, termed interclaudin interference, in which one claudin inhibits pore function of another claudin by disrupting its polymeric complexes.
RNA microarrays have many potential applications, but are difficult to produce. Here, the AUs present a method for converting commercial, customizable DNA microarrays into RNA microarrays using an accessible three-step process involving primer photocrosslinking, extension, and template degradation.
Using cold-water corals, this work identifies a deep outflow of Pacific waters via the Tasman Sea during the last ice age, thus highlighting the role of this area for the interoceanic exchange of water masses on climatic time scales.
Spin-hall nano-oscillators are a variation on spin-torque nano-oscillators, where the spin-Hall effect is used to drive oscillations, however past examples have had limited frequency tunability. Here, Choi et al demonstrate spin-hall oscillators with wide voltage controlled frequency tunability.
Developing catalysts for biomass electrooxidation are critical in electric refinery. The reaction mechanism, however, is still ambiguous. Here, the authors reveal how proton and oxygen anion deintercalation in hydroxide determine the elementary reaction steps in a model reaction of glycerol oxidation.
On-chip training of machine learning algorithms is challenging for photonic devices. Here, the authors construct nonlinear mapping functions in silicon photonic circuits, and experimentally demonstrate on-chip bacterial foraging training for projection-based classification.
Li et al. established a liquid-liquid partition model based on ab initio calculations to reveal that He and Ne strongly fractionate during core-mantle separation, which concludes the primitive volatiles seen in hotspots cannot be from the core.
In this work, the authors report a sophisticated combination of genetic, biophysical, and biochemical analyses to identifies the cycling conformational states of PPM1D. The findings reveal how an allosteric inhibitor locks the protein into a conformationally inactive state, and explain the distribution of PPM1D activating mutations in cancer.
The fungal pathogen Candida albicans forms filamentous hyphae that can invade the epithelium. Here, Lachat et al. show that C. albicans early invasion of epithelial tissues can lead to either host membrane breaching and host cell death, or trans-cellular tunnelling through host cells without membrane breaching.
Increased droughts are associated with climate change. Here, the authors reveal an association between long-term drought and an elevated risk of diarrhea in children under five in low- and middle income countries, and suggest that improving water quality, sanitation, and hygiene practices might reduce the risk.
COVID-19 vaccines may reduce the susceptibility of an individual to infection and/or the infectiousness of breakthrough infections. Here, the authors use data from Denmark and estimate that vaccine effectiveness was 61% for susceptibility and 31% for infectiousness during a period of Delta variant dominance.
Genome-scale metabolic models have been widely used for quantitative exploration of the relation between genotype and phenotype. Here the authors present GECKO 2, an automated framework for continuous and version controlled update of enzyme-constrained models of metabolism, producing an interesting catalogue of high-quality models for diverse yeasts, bacteria and human metabolism, aiming to facilitate their use in basic science, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology purposes.
Implementing high-performance self-healing capability is one urgent challenge for deformable electronics. Here, the authors report ultra-fast ion cluster-mediated ionoconductors and their successful applications in future reconfigurable electronics.
How the thalamus and the cortex interact in the context of perception remains largely unclear. Here, the authors show that rhythmic activity in the human mediodorsal thalamus and prefrontal cortex interact to predict whether a near-threshold visual stimulus will be seen, contradicting the traditional view that the thalamus is a simple relay.