Figure 2 - Analysis of cadherin and catenin domains required for cadherin flow.

(a) Colocalization of VE-cadherin clusters expressed by one cell, with those expressed by the contacting counter cell. Cells expressing VE-cadherin–EGFP and VE-cadherin–Flag were mixed. An interface between the two cells, outlined by the white box, is enlarged in the other panels. (b) Colocalization of E-catenin (-cat) and VE-cadherin (VE-cad). z-sections were projected into a single image. Similar VE-cadherin distribution was observed when non-tagged VE-cadherin had been introduced. (c) Schematic representation of VE-cadherin mutant constructs. (d–f) Left, mutant cadherin distribution at cell junctions of living A431D cells. Center, trajectories of mutant cadherin clusters observed in the image on the left. Arrows indicate the direction of cadherin movement. Right, kymography with sampling at the magenta lines shown on the left. The blue and green lines indicate the basal- and apical-most portion of the junctions, respectively. The arrowheads indicate the apical-most region of the junction. VE–-cat^VH2 exhibits flow, whereas VE^C and VE–-cat^VH3 do not. See also, Supplementary Information, Movies 3, 4, 5. The scale bars represent 20 m in a, 30 m in b and 15 m in d–f.