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Letter

Nature Cell Biology 8, 1011–1016 (1 September 2006) | doi:10.1038/ncb1465

Regulation of the Raf|[ndash]|MEK|[ndash]|ERK pathway by protein phosphatase 5

Alex von Kriegsheim , Andrew Pitt , G. Joan Grindlay , Walter Kolch & Amardeep S. Dhillon

The Raf–MEK–ERK pathway couples growth factor, mitogenic and extracellular matrix signals to cell fate decisions such as growth, proliferation, migration, differentiation and survival. Raf-1 is a direct effector of the Ras GTPase and is the initiating kinase in this signalling cascade.