Nature Cell Biology 8, 477 - 484 (2006)
Published online: 16 April 2006; | doi:10.1038/ncb1401
The phox homology domain of phospholipase D activates dynamin GTPase activity and accelerates EGFR endocytosisChang S. Lee, Il S. Kim, Jong B. Park, Mi N. Lee, Hye Y. Lee, Pann-Ghill Suh
& Sung H. Ryu
Department of Life Science and Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790–784, South Korea.
Correspondence should be addressed to Sung H. Ryu sungho@postech.ac.kr
Dynamin is a large GTP-binding protein that mediates endocytosis by hydrolyzing GTP1,
2,
3. Previously, we reported that phospholipase D2 (PLD2) interacts with dynamin in a GTP-dependent manner4. This implies that PLD may regulate the GTPase cycle of dynamin. Here, we show that PLD functions as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) through its phox homology domain (PX), which directly activates the GTPase domain of dynamin, and that the arginine residues in the PLD–PX are vital for this GAP function. Moreover, wild-type PLD–PX, but not mutated PLD–PXs defective for GAP function in vitro, increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) endocytosis at physiological EGF concentrations. In addition, the silencing of PLDs was shown to retard EGFR endocytosis and the addition of wild-type PLDs or lipase-inactive PLDs, but not PLD1 mutants with defective GAP activity for dynamin in vitro, resulted in the recovery of EGFR endocytosis. These findings suggest that PLD, functioning as an intermolecular GAP for dynamin, accelerates EGFR endocytosis. Moreover, we determined that the phox homology domain itself had GAP activity — a novel function in addition to its role as a binding motif for proteins or lipids.
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