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Nature Cell Biology 11, 116–118 (1 February 2009) | doi:10.1038/ncb0209-116

Linear polyubiquitylation: the missing link in NF|[ndash]||[kappa]|B signalling

Arthur L. Haas

NF–κB regulates a host of immune, inflammatory and apoptotic responses in metazoan cells that serve as the first line of defence against infection and environmental stress. Activation triggers the targeted degradation of IκBα, a protein responsible for sequestering NF-κB in the cytosol, and leads to translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus where it initiates cell-specific genetic programs.