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Staining of a novel glycan antigen, SSEA-5, expressed on human pluripotent stem cells reveals two inner cell masses in a human monozygotictwin blastocyst. Drukker and colleagues use SSEA-5 to remove rare tumor-forming cells from cultures of differentiated human embryonic stem cells (p 829). Credit: Chad Tang
For a century, insulin has been the only drug available to type 1 diabetics. Now a raft of novel drugs are coming through the pipeline. Michael Eisenstein reports.
A newly identified surface marker on human embryonic stem cells allows rare tumor-forming cells to be removed from preparations of differentiated cells.
Collaborative competitions in which communities of researchers compete to solve challenges may facilitate more rigorous scrutiny of scientific results.
Zinc-finger nucleases allow targeted genetic modification at loci chosen by the investigator, but the extent of their off-target activity—which could be toxic to cells—has not been evaluated experimentally on a genome-wide scale. Gabriel et al. document the off- and on-target activity of zinc-finger nucleases using lentiviral vectors to tag integration sites.
The similarities and differences between the disease mechanisms underlying the sporadic and familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; Lou Gehrig's disease) are poorly characterized. Using human astrocytes derived from neural progenitor cells obtained from cadaveric spinal cords, Haidet-Phillips et al. propose that sporadic and familial ALS share common pathogenic pathways involving astrocyte-mediated damage.
Using cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells for therapeutic applications carries a risk that rare undifferentiated cells in the transplant will give rise to teratomas. Tang et al. identify a new antigen on the surface of human pluripotent cells that, combined with other antigens, enables complete depletion of teratoma-initiating cells.
Imaging the spatial and temporal complexity of molecules in living cells and tissues could provide important data for a quantitative understanding of biology. Capoulade et al. introduce a light sheet–based microscope that performs fluorescence correlation spectroscopy at each pixel of an image to provide spatially resolved maps of protein dynamics.
Prosser et al. describe a resource of mouse embryonic stem cell clones harboring deletions that target 392 microRNA loci.. Because the targeting cassettes can be readily replaced by reporter genes, conditional alleles and other variants, the lines should facilitate a broad range of studies into microRNA function.