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Colored scanning electron micrograph of a resin cast of blood vessels that supply the small intestine. Benny et al. show that an oral formulation of an anti-angiogenic drug is absorbed by the intestine, inhibits tumor growth and prevents liver metastasis (p 799). Credit: Susumu Nishinaga and Photo Researchers, Inc.
With follow-on biologics essentially dead in the water in the US, the decision of the world's largest generics manufacturer to invest in a platform for enhancing protein pharmacokinetics could pay dividends.
Moves to clamp down on companies offering direct-to-consumer genetic tests are out of step with personal genomics and its potential to empower individuals' role in their own healthcare.
Although dendrimers have not yet taken the drug industry by storm, biomedical research and industrial applications of these tiny, highly branched molecules continue to grow. Vivien Marx reports.
Vested interests are redefining, rebranding and co-opting what is 'biopharmaceutical'. This is not just a matter of semantics—the core identity of the biotech industry and its products is at stake.
Standards for characterization, manufacture and sharing of information about modular biological devices may lead to a more efficient, predictable and design-driven genetic engineering science.
An inability to estimate absolute DNA methylation levels has slowed progress in understanding the role of this epigenetic modification in health and disease. Down et al. describe an algorithm for analyzing methylated DNA immunoprecipitation profiles generated using either high-throughput sequencing or oligonucleotide arrays.
Existing methods for reprogramming somatic cells to 'induced pluripotent stem cells' are inefficient, with only a small fraction of the starting cell population becoming pluripotent. Working with mouse embryonic fibroblasts, Hunagfu et al. increase reprogramming efficiency by treatment with DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors.
Widespread use of antiangiogenic drugs for cancer therapy is limited in part by the requirement for intravenous injection. Benny et al. describe an oral formulation of an antiangiogenic small molecule that inhibits tumor growth and prevents liver metastases in mice.
Therapies that target only one inflammatory cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor α are often insufficient to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Aikawa et al. show that a small molecule targeting c-Fos/AP-1, a transcription factor that regulates both inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases, inhibits type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
Microarray platforms usually rely on fluorescence detection. Clack et al. present an equally sensitive, label-free technique that electrostatically detects DNA or RNA hybridization after randomly dispersing charged microspheres onto the microarray surface.