Nature Biotechnology
20, 473 - 477 (2002)
doi:10.1038/nbt0502-473
Protein detection using proximity-dependent DNA ligation assaysSimon Fredriksson1, Mats Gullberg1, Jonas Jarvius1, Charlotta Olsson1, Kristian Pietras2, Sigrún
Margrét Gústafsdóttir1, Arne Östman2
& Ulf Landegren11
The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Genetics and
Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Se-75185 Uppsala,
Sweden. 2
The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala
Biomedical Centre, Box 595, Se-75123
Uppsala, Sweden.
Correspondence should be addressed to Ulf Landegren Ulf.Landegren@genpat.uu.seThe advent of in vitro DNA amplification has enabled rapid
acquisition of genomic information. We present here an analogous technique for
protein detection, in which the coordinated and proximal binding of a target
protein by two DNA aptamers promotes ligation of oligonucleotides linked to
each aptamer affinity probe . The ligation of two such proximity probes gives
rise to an amplifiable DNA sequence that reflects the identity and amount of
the target protein. This proximity ligation assay detects zeptomole (40 
10-21 mol) amounts of the cytokine platelet-derived growth
factor (PDGF) without washes or separations, and the mechanism can be
generalized to other forms of protein analysis.
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