 | Figure 5
Nature Biotechnology
20, 1140 - 1145 (2002)
Published online: 7 October 2002; | doi:10.1038/nbt747
Engineering tolerance and hyperaccumulation of arsenic in plants by combining arsenate reductase and  -glutamylcysteine synthetase expressionOm Parkash Dhankher, Yujing Li, Barry P. Rosen, Jin Shi, David Salt, Julie F. Senecoff, Nupur A. Sashti
& Richard B. Meagher | | | | Figure 5. Arsenic resistance of plants expressing ArsC9 and  -ECS.
(A) Selection of SRS1p/ArsC9 (ArsC9) transgenic plants retransformed with ACT2p/ -ECS (ECS1) after growth for four weeks on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 250  M arsenate. Only the double transformants are sufficiently arsenic resistant to grow at this arsenate concentration. (B) Arabidopsis lines overexpressing both ArsC and  -ECS (ArsC9 + ECS1 and ArsC9 + ECS10) show increased resistance to arsenate compared with the transgenic SRS1p/ArsC9 (ArsC9) parental line expressing ArsC alone, an ACT2p/ECS1 line (ECS1) expressing -ECS alone, and wild-type seedlings grown for three weeks on half-strength MS medium without (left) and with (right) 200 M sodium arsenate. The two sets of plates show examples of independent experiments examining two independent doubly transformed lines expressing both enzymes. (C) The doubly transformed lines expressing both ArsC and -ECS (ArsC9 + ECS1 and ArsC9 + ECS10), and singly transformed SRS1p/ArsC9 parental line (ArsC9), and an ACT2p/ECS1 line (ECS1) expressing -ECS alone grown on 200 M sodium arsenate for four weeks. In all the above experiments ArsC is expressed from the rubisco SRS1p small-subunit promoter and -ECS from the actin ACT2pt promoter and terminator (see Experimental Protocol).
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