Nature Biotechnology
18, 113 - 118 (2000)
doi:10.1038/71819
1999 Subject index — Volume 17
No 1 1−110
No 2 111−206
No 3 207−309
No
4 311−404
No 5 405−510
No 6 511−614
No
7 515−728
No 8 729−830
No 9 831−931
No
10 933−1039
No 11 1041−1142
No 12 1143−1239
(Err) Errata
A
Abbott Laboratories (Abbott Park, IL), 623
Abzyme prodrugs,
tumor cell targeting, 738
N-acylhomoserine lactones, 943,
958, 1017
Adeno-associated virus vectors
cellular
tropism redirection, 839
muscle cell transfection, 839
targeted
delivery, F(ab')2 antibody, 181
Adenomatous polyposis
coli, new drug application, 735
Adenosine deaminase gene repair,
943,989
Adenovirus vectors
double-deletion form, 317
ex
vivo gene transfer, neural progenitors, 318,349
genetically
modified receptor specificities, 413,470
neuron-restrictive
silencer element mediation, 840,865
safety issues, 1153
Adhesion
epitope, antimicrobial effect, 10,20,42
Advanced glycation end products,
dipeptide SPOT library, 943, 1006
Africa, US Department of Agriculture
program, 837
African rice virus, transgenic approach, 626,702
Ag-West
Biotech (Saskatoon, Saskatchewan), 7
Agbiotech. See also Genetically-modified
organisms/food
Cartagena biosafety conference, 512,733
crop
protection chemicals, target-based discovery, 618
developing
countries concerns, 208
EuropaBio defense unit created, 631
industry
trends, 612
intellectual property rights, 824
Nature Biotechnology London conference, 729
overregulation
curse, 113,314
process development, 1071
transgenic
plant rhizosecretion, 413,427,466
US controversies continue,
628
US outreach efforts, 1148
Agouron Pharmaceuticals
(San Diego, CA), 211
Agrochemical target-based discovery, 618
AIDS
vaccines, World Bank task force, 846
L-Alanine production, 523,589
Alanine
scanning mutagenesis, 936
Albicidin detoxification, 943,1021
Algorithms,
patentability, 395
Alliance for Better Foods, website launched, 1047
Alliance
for BioIntegrity lawsuit, 746
Allosteric ribozymes, diagnostic use,
10,62
 -1-antitrypsin deficiency, gene therapy, 120
/
tubulin gene expression, dinitroaniline herbicide resistance, 626,712
Alzheimer's
disease, confocal microscanner analysis, 10,53
Ambryx (San Diego,
CA), 521
Amgen (thousand Oaks, CA), 124
Amplicons, unimolecular
PCR product detection, 739,804
Amylin Pharmaceuticals (San Diego,
CA), 940
Amyloidosis, confocal microscanner analysis, 10,53
Angiogenesis
inhibition
drug development, cancer treatment, 963
endostatin
gene intramuscular administration, 318,336,343
in utero
antisense strategy, 1150,1158,1184
matrix metalloproteinase
inhibitor, 739,749,768
photo dynamic therapy, 943,984
recent
patents, 1231
window chamber tumor model, 1033
Angiogenesis
stimulation
fibroblast growth factor synthetic agonist, 1150,1157,1199
gene
and protein therapies, 326
recent patents, 1231
Anthozoa
species, fluorescent protein cloning, 943,956,969,1227(Err)
Anthrax,
FDA vaccine policies, 323
Antibacterial drug discovery, 1141
Antibiotic
resistance genes
horizontal transfer risk, 832
ipt expression as alternative marker, 840,916
Antibiotics
engineering
strategies, 538,621(Err)
novel treatments, 1165
Antibody
affinity, rapid isolation strategy, 523,568
Antibody fragments, site-specific
modification, 739,780
Antibody-related patents, 299
Anticancer
therapy. See Cancer therapy
Anti-CTLA-4 Mab augmentation,
942
Antifungal drug discovery, 1141
Anti-Gal antibodies,
621,938,1146(Err)
Antigen presentation
peptidomimetic
inhibition of, 523,562
recombinant antibody design technique,
626,670
Antimicrobial peptides, synthetic adhesion epitope, 10,20,42
Antimitosis,
soybean peptide, 413, 495
Antisense methods
Bcl-x
pre-mRNA splicing control, apoptosis regulation, 1051,1064,1097
bioavailability,
10,48
drug development problems, 209
embryonic
gene expression inhibition, 1150,1158,1184
influenza A virus,
523,583
lignin repression, transgenic trees, 750,808
phenoxazine-substituted
7-mer oligonucleotide, 10,48
retinal fibronectin expression
reduction, 413,476
and tRNA-oligonucleotide hybridization,
structural influence, 739,751,788
therapeutic use, trends,
403
Antithrombin III production, transgenic goats, 413,456
Antitumor
therapy. See Cancer therapy; Cancer vaccines
Antova, 1147
Apax
Globis Partners, 409
Apoptosis
and Bcl-x splicing,
antisense method, 1051,1064,1097
biotechnology company research,
524
Applied immunology, chiral sensor, 318,371
Aptamers
ribozyme
binding, 522
yeast cell expression, 839
Aptazymes,
10,62
Arabidopsis sequencing, EU funding ends, 1056
ARMS
assays, 739,804
Armyworm, baculovirus biocontrol potentiation, 1051,1122
ArQule
(Medford, MA), Pfizer deal, 843
Array BioPharma (Boulder, CO), 217
Ars
Electronica, 933,940
Arteries, engineering of, 412
Arthritis
drug
discovery, trends, 726
See also Rheumatoid arthritis
Artificial
chromosome, germline transmission, 1149
Artificial receptors, adenovirus
vector targeting, 413,470
Asia, biotechnology development, 946
Aspen
trees, lignin biosynthesis repression, 739,750,808
Aspergillus
awamori, A. tumefaciens-mediated homologous recombination, 523,598
Asthma,
targeted research dilemma, 128
AstraZeneca (London)
formation
of, 7
Japan Tobacco (Tokyo) joint venture, 411
Atomic
force microscopy, antibody recognition, 840,902
Atugen Biotechnology
(Berlin), 212
Autoimmune disease
drug discovery, 1038
peptidomimetics
antigen inhibition, 523,562
Aventis, 15
Avanir Pharmaceuticals
(San Diego, CA), 1049
Axis Genetics (Cambridge, UK), 939
Axon
regeneration, priming, 213
Ayahuasca plant, bioprospecting block,
411
AZT. See Zidovudine
B
Baby food makers policy, 837
Bacillus thuringiensis
. See Bt crops
Bacteria, adhesion epitope, 10,20,42
Bacterial
artificial chromosomes
transposon mutagenesis, herpesvirus,
318,332,360
vaccine use, HSV-1, 1149
Baculovirus biocontrol
potentiation, transgenic rice, 1051,1122
Basic research, and drug
innovation, 406
Bayer AG (Leverkusen, Germany), 742
Bcl-x
antisense regulation, apoptosis sensitization, 1051,1064,1097
Beijing,
developing countries agbiotech meeting, 1044
-galactosidase
plasma
membrane transduction, 942
tissue delivery system, mice, 1066
-glucuronidase,
directed evolution, 626,696
-lactamase, immunoassay engineering,
phage display, 10,67
-secretase identified,1149
-tubulin
gene, Tetrahymena expression, 413,424,462
Bexxar, FDA rejection,
940
"Bioartificial kidney," 413,421,451
Bioartificial
organs, 335,1045
Bioavailability, antisense oligonucleotides, 10,
48
Biodegradable plastics, 541,943,960,1011,1041
Biodiversity
preservation
of, 933
prospecting regulations, 921
Bioengineering
institute, US proposal, 624
Bioethics
core values,
Europe, 114
human embryonic stem cells, 11
Biogen
(Cambridge, MA), 1147
BioGenTec (Cologne, Germany), 7
BioIndustry
Association (London) code of practice, 12,737
Bioinformatics
epitope-based
vaccine application, 523,533,555
industry trends, 828,1239
Lion
Bioscience-Bayer deal, 742
machine learning approach, 303
Biological
and Toxic Weapons Convention debate, 11
Biological weapons
BTWC
debate, 11
FDA vaccine policies, 323
BioMarin Pharmaceuticals
(Novato, CA), 737
Biomarker expanded use, FDA encouragement, 520
Biomass
research, US initiative, 949
Biomaterials, acellular collagen vascular
grafts, 1051,1083
Biomedical research tool licensing, NIH proposal,
819
"Biomimetics," 340
Bioprospectors blocked,
411
Bioremediation, explosive residues, 413,491
Biorex (Budapest),
521
Biosafety, internet sites, 89
Biosafety Protocol
Cartagena,
Colombia negotiations, 315,512
negotiating challenges, 123
talks
stall again, 1047
Biotechnology investment
small firms
problem, 409
trends, 111,128
Biotechnology Investments
Limited (London), 8
Bioterrorism, 11,323
The BioValley project,
419
"Bio-X" center, 1148
Bispecific antibodies,
adeno-associated virus targeted delivery, 181
Bladder, de novo reconstitution,
121,133,149
Blood-brain barrier, peptide nucleic acids intraperitoneal
injection, 753
Blood substitutes, hemoglobin-based therapeutics,
545
Bollgard cotton, 315
Bone fractures, gene therapy, 625
Bone
substitutes, photopolymerizable anhydrides, 121,156
Botanicals, FDA-approved
market, 17
Bovine somatotrophin, proposed ban, 519
Brandys,
Pascal, 519
Brassica napus, transgene escape risk, 318,330,390
BRITECH
R&D fund, 624
British Biotech (Oxford, UK)
marimastat
clinical trials, 117,212,939
Schering-Plough deal, 939
US
Securities and Exchange Commission settlement, 624
Zacutex
failure, 409
"Brownian ratchet," 942
Bt
crops
industry preservation plan, 117
monarch
butterfly paper questioned, 615,627,832,1154
monitoring method,
1051,1125
resistance plan appraised, 531
and
Rumor, 832
US Environmental Protection Agency sued, 315
US
study shows advantages, 735
C
C4 photosynthesis, transgenic mice, 10,22,76
C-5
propyne, 10,48
Cachexia, therapeutic antibodies, TNF- immunization,
626,666
Caenorhabditis elegans, genomic modeling potential,
1
Cambridge Antibody Technology's patent case, 1154
Canada,
genomics initiative, 950
Canadian National Farmers Union claims,
747
Cancer therapy
abzyme prodrugs, 738
angiogenesis
inhibition, 318,336,343,739,749,768,963
Bcl-x control, antisense
method, 1051,1064,1097
engineered antibody glycoforms, 121,176
enzyme
tailoring, gene therapy, 143
intramuscular endostatin gene,
318,336,343
liposomal drug delivery system, 739,775
matrix
metalloproteinase inhibition, 739,749,768
multidrug resistance,
94
polymerized Fab' drug targeting, 1051,1101
recombinant
huMAbs, 214,276
RNase inhibitor blockade, 214,227,265,408
Cancer
vaccines
anti-CTLA-4 Mab augmentation, 942
carbohydrate
peptide mimotypes, 626,660
chemokine-tumor antigen fusion,
214,226,253
interleukin-2 role, 317
Japan Tobacco
(Osaka) deal, 735
recent patents, 821
Capillary electrophoresis,
kinase activation measurement, 739,752,759
Carbohydrate peptide mimotypes,
anti-tumor vaccination, 626,660
Cardiovascular diseases
angiogenesis
programs, 326
drug discovery, 930
Career alternatives,
825
Cartagena, Colombia conference, 512
Catalase, random
elongation mutagenesis, 10,21,58
Catalytic DNA, RNA target site selection,
413,422,480
Cationic liposome-DNA complexes, in utero gene
transfer, 1150,1188
Celebrex adverse effect reports, 519
Cell
aging, 4
Cell analysis system, 1150,1210
Cell encapsulation
technologies, 335
Cell Genesys (Foster City, CA), 1151
Cell
Pathways (Horsham, PA)
Exisulind clinical results, 220
new
drug application, 735
Cell sorting, microchips, 1051,1061,1109
Celltech
(Slough, England), Chiroscience merger, 741
Cellular xenograft transplantation,
1045
Centaur Pharmaceuticals (Sunnyvale, CA), 314(Err)
Centocor
(Malvern, PA), Johnson & Johnson acquisition, 844,1058
Central/eastern
Europe, biotechnology development, 437
Chalcone synthase family,
9
Chalcone synthase structure, 738
Chemokines, tumor antigen
fusion, vaccine, 214,226,253
Chickpea, India's sequencing initiative,
211
Chimeric oligonucleotide strategy, plants, 857
Chinese
hamster ovary cells, therapeutic IgG production, 1051,1116
Chip-based
diagnostics
G-protein-coupled receptors, 1051,1060,1105
single
nucleotide polymorphisms, 318,365
solid gel sequencing, 412
Chiral
enzymes, 339
Chiral immunosensor, 318,371
Chirocaine, 118
Chiroscience
(Cambridge, England), Celltech merger, 741
Chloroplasts
galistan
expansion femtosyringe, DNA microinjection, 840,855,906
gene
flow tracking markers, 318,330,390
green fluorescent protein
movement, 855,1146
Cholestin ruling, 316
Christian Aid report,
511
Chromatin-binding peptide, mitosis inhibition, 413,495
Chronic
inflammatory disease, therapeutic antibodies, 626,666
Cilates, foreign
antigen expression, 413,424,462
Clinical trials, internet sites,
202
Cloning
male mice, 625
nonuniformity
in, mammals, 733
nuclear transfer techniques, transplantation,
1171
Cloning technology, future of, 405
cobA reporter
gene, 1150,1175
Codex committee, GM food labeling proposals, 519
Cold-induced
tuber sweetening, prevention, 626,708
Cold stress, transgenic plants,
214,287
Collagen
acellular vascular graft engineering,
1051,1083
mechanical strain regulation of, smooth muscle, 943,979
mouse
mammary gland production, 318,385
Combinatorial chemistry, neuritogenic
ligand identification, 943,1000
Combinatorial libraries
enzyme
regulation, 10,67
See also Peptide libraries
Compaction
agents, plasmid DNA purification, 822
Conditional gene regulation,
Cre recombinase system, 1051,1062,1091
Conflict of interest, journal
policies, 729
Confocal digital microscanner, Alzheimer's disease,
10,53
Continuing education, 503
Convention on Biological
Diversity, 512
Coral reefs
green fluorescent protein
homologs, 933,940,956,969
threats to, 933
Corn seed
contamination, Switzerland, 629
Cortech (Denver, CO), Nasdaq relisting,
211
Cortecs (Cambridge, UK), 410
Cowpea chlorotic mottle
virus, 341
Cre recombinase, in conditional gene regulation, mice,
1051,1062,1091
Crop protection chemicals, target-based discovery,
618
Cross-pollination GM plants, 520,836
Cryopreservation
method, oocytes and embryos, 1234
Crystallography, 1068
Curagen
Corporation (New Haven, CT), 951
Cutinase, 598
Cyanobacteria,
DNA microinjection, 840,855,906
Cystoplasty, 121,133,149
Cytokine
evolution, DNA shuffling, therapeutic activity, 739,793
Cytomegalovirus
gene, transposon mutagenesis, 318,332,360
Cytometry, 1150,1210
CytoTherapeutics
(Lincoln, RI), 838
D
D-Day message, DNA cryptography, 625
Dam gene targeting,
522
Deal making, 645
deCode Genetics (Reykjavik)
centralized
database law passes, 127
controversial Iceland database, 407,517,620
Dehydration
response element, 214,287
Deoxyribozyme, RNA target site selection,
413,422,480
Desulfurized oil, 212
Developing countries
agbiotech
concerns, 208
agbiotech consortium meeting, 1044
biotechnology
UNESCO programs, 434
Dickinson v. Zurko decision, 1131
Differential
gene expression, transcript profiling method, 739,798
"Differential"
two-hybrid yeast system, 1232
Digital micromirror device, DNA chip
maskless fabrication, 943,953,974
Dihydrofolate reductase, leucine
zipper library screening, 626,639,683
Dinitroaniline herbicide resistance,
626,712
Directed evolution
-glucuronidase surface
chemistry, 626,696
enzymes, 539
green fluorescent
protein-folding indicator, 626,637,691
peroxidase, dye-transfer
inhibition, 318,333,379
random elongation mutagenesis, catalase,
10,21,58
subtilisin DNA shuffling, 840, 893
thymidine
kinase, AZT phosphorylation, 214,259,314(Err)
Displacement chromatography,
300
DNA, robotic arm construction, 120
DNA chips. See
also Chip-based diagnostics
in silico vaccine design? 523,533,555
maskless
fabrication system, 943,953,974
tRNA hybridization , structural
influence, 739,751,788,1025(Err)
yeast gene mapping, 210(Err)
dsDNA
chips, quantifying DNA-protein interactions, 523,536,573
DNA cryptography,
625
DNA delivery
peptide nucleic acid-nuclear localization
signal fusion, 739,784
polymer matrices, 523,534,551,817(Err)
DNA
fingerprinting, 649
DNA molecule sizing, fluorescence device, 213
DNA
polymerase, non-hydrogen bonding, 640
DNA polymerase-based detection
system, 214,292
DNA-protein interactions
dsDNA array
technology, 523,536,573
mass spectrometry identification, 840,884
DNA
shuffling
-glucuronidase directed evolution, 626,696
cytokine
evolution, therapeutic activity, 739,793
ITCHY technique comparison,
1150,1159,1205
peroxidase, dye-transfer inhibition, 318,333,379
subtilisin
directed evolution, 840,893
thymidine kinase, AZT phosphorylation,
214,259,314(Err)
DNA vaccine
chemokine use, cancer,
214,226,253
topical application via hair follicles, 840,870
Dogs,
cancer gene therapy, 8
Dopaminergic neuron phenotype induction, 626,635,653
Dorsal
skinfold window chamber model, 1033
Double-stranded DNA arrays, 523,536,573
Doxycycline,
tyrosine hydroxylase control, brain graft, 318,349
Drought tolerance,
transgenic plants, 214,287
Drug approval, Europe, 237
Drug
delivery
-galactosidase delivery system implications,
1066
photopolymerizable anhydrides, 121,156
Drug design,
intracellular protein targeting, 317
Drug development
drug
discovery differences, 731
pharmacogenomics role, 731
Drug
discovery
antibacterials and antifungals, 1141
arthritis,
726
autoimmune disease, 1038
cardiovascular
disease, 930
high-throughput parallel processing, 834
high-throughput
screening, 859
mental disorders, 307
metabolic
engineering lessons, 616
Drug discovery factory, 834
Drug-resistant
infection, novel antibiotics, 1165
Drug screening, 834,859
Drug
targeting, polymerizable Fab' fragments, cancer, 1051,1101
DsbA protein,
121,131,187
DuPont (Wilmington, DE), 315
Dye-transfer inhibition,
peroxidase directed evolution, 318,333,379
Dynamic allele-specific
hybridization, 87
Dystrophin, stem cell gene delivery, 1050
E
Easdaq-Euro.NM merger, 117
Eastern/central Europe, biotechnology
development, 437
ED-B fibronectin domain, 943,984
Elastin,
mechanical strain regulation, smooth muscle, 943,979
Elastin-like
polypeptide tags, protein purification method, 1051,1112
Electrochemistry,
mutation detection, 942
Electrophoresis, recent patents, 1131
Electroporation,
GHRH delivery, 1150,1179
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,
1150,1214
Embryonic stem cells. See Stem cells
Embryos,
containerless vitrification, 1234
Endostatin gene, intramuscular
administration, 318,336,343
Endothelium, lipofection technique, 840,873
Energy
BioSystems (The Woodlands, TX), 212
Entomopoxvirus, 1051,1122
Entremed
(Rockville, MD), 212
Environment Canada, 14
Environmental
Protection Agency, biotech rule reviewed again, 415
Enzyme encapsulation,
339
Enzyme technology, 1161
Enzymes
directed
evolution, 539
photoresponsive solubility, 10,73
Eosinophil-derived
neurotoxin, 214,227,265
Ep-CAM antigen, 214,276
Epigenesis,
112,1144
Epigenomics, 1144
Epitope characterization
alanine
scanning mutagenesis assumptions, 936
in silico approach, 523,533,555
Ernst
& Young report, 520
Erwinia carotovora, microbe interactions,
943,958,1017
Estrogenic compounds, rapid detection method, 1150,1162,1219
Ethics.
See Bioethics
EuropaBio
agbio defense unit created,
631
ethical values development, 114
European Commission,
bovine somatotrophin proposed ban, 519
European Medicines Evaluation
Agency, 237
European Union
biotech governance block,
418
food safety agency, 945
GMO 1% contamination
threshold agreement, 1158
plant programs wither under Framework
V, 1056
US harmony initiative, 737
Eurozone, biotechnology
investment, 125
Evolutionary processes. See Directed evolution
Exisulind,
220,735
Experimental use exemption, research tool patents, 1027
Explosives,
phytoremediation, 413,428,491
Expressed sequence tags, first patent
granted, 125
F
Fab modification, prolonged half-life, therapeutics, 739,780
Fab'
polymerization, anticancer drug targeting, 1051,1101
F(ab')
2, AAV targeted delivery, 181
Ferritin expression
oxidation
damage protection, 121,192
rice seed iron fortification, 214,230,282,621
Ferromagnetic
nanoparticles, in cell analysis, 1150,1210
Ferry peptides, 1066
Fetal
gene transfer, cationic liposome-DNA complexes, 1150,1188
"Fetal
tissue" research ban, 4(Err)
Fibronectin
antisense
oligonucleotides, retina, 413,476
photosensitizer targeted
delivery, 943,984
Filamentous fungi, homologous recombination method,
523,598
Flap endonucleases, 214,292
FLARE-S system, 840,910
Flavonoid
detection, 1162,1219
Flu drugs competition, 1059
FluMist
deal, 118
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, 425
Fluorescence
resonance energy transfer, 425
Fluorescent imaging
two-photon
microscopy, embryos, 739,763
unimolecular PCR product detection,
739,804
Fluorophore, 943,956,969,1227(Err)
Food labeling,
420,836
Japanese policy, 837
US Ag committee
hearings, 1048
US bill, 1147
US policy, 623,847
Force
microscopy, antibody recognition, 840,902
Forensics, DNA evidence,
649
Forest biotechnology
Arabidopsis model,
27
trends, 27
University of Oxford conference,
1145
France
"Innovation Law" boost biotech
industry, 1055
patent application trends, 83
"Frankencell"
experiment, 207
Frankenfood, 113
Freezing tolerance, transgenic
plants, 214,287
Fujitsu, Japanese Bionet membership, 1147
Functional
genomics
G-protein signaling modulator identification, 840,852,878
Japan's
focus, 527
linear expression elements method, 318,329,355
mass
spectrometry protein profiling, 943,954,994
metabolic engineering
lessons for, 616
transposon mutagenesis strategy, herpesvirus,
318,332,360
"Functional" proteomics, 1050
Fundraising,
111,118,128,737
G
G protein-coupled receptors, chip-based assay, 1051,1060,1105
G
protein signaling
chip-based detection, 1051,1060,1105
conditional
control of, 121,131,165
modulator identification, yeast genetic
screens, 940,852,878
G proteins, drug targeting, 317
G-8
countries, GM food policy, 730
Galinstan expansion femtosyringe,
DNA microinjection, 840,855,906
Gel technology, 412
GenCom
(Tokyo), 941
Gene delivery. See DNA delivery
Gene
expression
differential display proteomics, 943,954,994
recent
patents, 1029
synthetic promoters, muscle, 214,224,241
transcript
profiling method, 739,798
trans-splicing RNA application,
214,223,246
Gene flow
chloroplast genes as markers,
318,330,390
rapeseed plants, 520,836
Gene regulation,
recent patents, 1029
Gene repair, triplexing oligonucleotides, 943,989
Gene
screening, linear expression elements technology, 318,329,355
Gene
switching, industry trends, 1239
Gene therapy
adenovirus
single-cell specificity system, 413,470
-1-antitrypsin
deficiency, 120
antisense oligonucleotides intravitreal delivery,
413,476
bone fractures, 625
cancer in dogs,
8
cationic liposome-DNA complexes, 1150,1188
DNA
delivery from polymer matrices, 523,534,551
enzyme tailoring,
cancer therapy, 143
gene expression control method, 120
growth
hormone-releasing hormone, 1150,1179
human neural progenitors,
ex vivo, 318,349
intramuscular endostatin gene administration,
318,336,343
mycoplasmas as vectors, 4
and plasmid
DNA sequences, 517
RNA trans-splicing use, 214,223,246,602(Err)
safety
issues come to fore, 1153
synthetic promoters, muscle, 214,224,241
triplexing
oligonucleotides, 943,989
tumor-specific salmonella,
10,19,37
Gene transfer
cationic liposome-DNA complexes,
1150,1188
human neural progenitors, ex vivo, 318,349
naked
DNA topical application, 840,870
neuron-restrictive silencer
element mediation, 840,865
oocyte vectors, 9
peptide
scaffold, nondividing cells, 840,873
recent patents, 923
space
shuttle experiment, 522
GeneCalling process, 798
Genentech
(South San Francisco, CA)
angiogenesis protein therapy, 326
relaunching
of, 634
second IPO, 838
Genetic vaccines, screening
method, 318,329,355
Genetically modified organisms/food
Biosafety
Protocol negotiations, 123,315,512,733
Codex committee labeling
proposals, 519
developing countries concerns, 208
EuropaBio
defense unit created, 631
European Parliament amendments, 321
G-8
policy, 730
"GM" food label claims, 420, 836
horizontal
gene transfer problem, 833
Nuffield report, 623
1%
"contamination" threshold, 1158
overregulation
course, 113,314
patent harmonization, Europe, 842
protest
roundup, 520,623,735,837,939,1047,1147
quantitation in food,
1137
research funding obfuscation, 311,517
and
Rumor, 832,1046
transgene escape risk, Brassica napus,
318,330,390
UK interest group positions, 630
US
controversies continue, 628
US crop protests increase, 1053
US
labeling policy, 623,847,1048,1147
US soybean crop segregation,
941
Genome Canada, 950
Genset (Paris), 519,526,951
Genzyme
(Cambridge, MA), 1151
Gerber baby food, 837
Germany
Canadian
collaboration, 7
patent application trends, 83
Geron
Corporation (Menlo Park, CA)
human embryonic stem cell announcement,
210
Roslin Bio-Med Ltd. alliance, 529
GFP-K9 transgenic
dog, 933,940
Gilead Sciences (Foster City, CA), 316
Glandular
tissue, plant bioengineering, 31
-glucuronidase, directed evolution,
626,696
Glutelin promoter, 214,230,282
Glycosylation
Chinese
hamster ovary cells, IgG production, 1051,1116
Mab anti-tumor
therapy optimization, 121,176
"GM-free" food labels,
420
Goats, cloning of, 405,413,456
Gore, Al, cancer genetics
speech, 831
Government regulations, Internet sites, 89
gp41
targeting, HIV entry inhibition, 1050
Grafts. See Transplantation
therapy
Green chemistry, biodegradable plastics, 541,943,960,1011
Green
fluorescent protein
folding ability, amino acid fusion, 626,637,691,1046
homolog
discovery from nonbioluminescent corals, 933,943,956,969,1227(Err)
plastid
transformation marker, 840,855,910
signal molecule monitoring,
chimeras, 1149
in transgene expression monitoring, plants,
1051,1125
transgenic dog expression of, 933,940
Griffin-1
library, 397
GroEL minichaperone, 121,131,187
Growth hormone-releasing
hormone, long-term growth augmentation, pigs, 1150,1179
H
Hair follicles, and topical gene transfer, 840,870
Hairy
mouse generation, 9
Haploinsufficiency drug screen, 317
Hayflick
limit, 4
Hematopoietic stem cells, ex vivo culturing, 738
Hemoglobin-based
blood substitutes, 545
Hemolysin sensor, 522
Hepatitis C
therapy, Ribozyme/Lilly collaboration, 409
Herbal pharmaceuticals,
FDA-approved market, 17
Hercules (Wilmington, DE), 417
Herpesvirus
genes, transposon mutagenesis, BACs, 318,332,360
High-nicotine tobacco
inquiry, 1041
High-throughput drug screening, 834,859
Histology,
confocal microscanner, amyloid, 10,53
HIV entry inhibition, gp41
targeting, 1050
HIV-integrase inhibition, 523,578
HLA matrix,
in silico epitope-based vaccine design, 523,533,555
Hoechst (Frankfurt,
Germany), 15
Honey, genetic modification, 838
Horizontal
gene transfer, transgenic plants, 833
Hot spot libraries, antibody
affinity improvement, 523,568
Huia bird cloning, 736
Human
cloning
Korean experiment, 119
Oxford Amnesty
Lectures, 400
Human embryonic stem cells
bioethics
debate, 11,23,139
Geron's announcement, 210
therapeutic
potential, 23,139
US funding policy, NIH, 312
US
ruling protests, 315
Human Genome Project, overlapping stages, 112
Human
genome sequencing patents, 1148
Human growth hormone production,
transgenic mice, 1051,1087
Human monoclonal antibodies. See
Monoclonal antibodies
Hybid enzyme creation, ITCHY technique, 1150,1159,1205
Hydroponic
medium, transgenic plant recombinant protein production, 413,427,466
I
Iceland, genetic database, 127,407,517,620
Immunization.
See also Vaccines
antigen presentation stimulation, antibody
engineering, 626,670
anti-TNF- autoantibodies, 626,666
naked
DNA topical application, 840,870
recombinant huMAb construction,
214,276
Immunotoxins, cancer cell targeting, RNase inhibition blockade,
214,227,265
In silico approach, protein function, 839
In utero antisense strategy, 1150,1158,1184
In utero gene
transfer, cationic liposome-DNA complexes, 1150,1188
Incremental
truncation method, 522,1150,1159,1205
Incyte Pharmaceuticals (Palo
Alto, CA), 125
India
gene piracy challenge, 1049
GM
cotton delay, 315
new patent laws, 8
Infectech (Sharon,
PA), 729,735
Influenza A virus
antisense therapeutics,
523,583
human cell line transfection, cDNA plasmids, 839
Influenza
drugs, competition, 1059
Infrared thermography, presymptomatic plant-virus
interactions, 739,813
Initial public offerings
decline
of, US, 405
European stock market, 410
increase
in Europe, 211
"Innovation Law," 1055
Institute
for Quantitative Systems Biology, 743
Inteins, rational design system,
840,854,889
Intellectual property rights, agbiotech, 824
Interferon
inducible protein 10, 214,226,253
Interferon-, DNA shuffling,
therapeutic activity, 739,793
Interferon- , FDA decision,
324
Interleukin-2, cancer vaccine boost, 317
Interleukin-10,
synthetic mimic, 214,271
International Biotechnology Trust (London),
8
Internet
biosafety and regulation sites, 89
clinical
trial sites, 202
cloning experiments planning, 505
polymerase
chain reactions, 304
"Inverse transition cycling," 1112
Invertase
inhibitor, cold sweetening prevention, tubers, 626,708
Investment
trends, 111,118,128
Iron
and ferritin overexpression,
tobacco plants, 121,192
transgenic rice fortification, 214,230,282
Isopentenyltransferase
gene expression, 840,916
Isotope-coded affinity tags, 943,954,994
ITCHY
methodology, 1150,1159,1205
J
Japan
biotech industry boost, 8,126,320,623
FDA-style
agency, 7
functional genomics focus, 527
gene
therapy expansion, 212
GM food labeling, 837
GMO
reactions, 837,939
human gene patent directives, 1148
rice
sequencing additional funding, 1057
single nucleotide polymorphism
project, 744,938(Err)
Japan Bioindustrialists' Association, 736
Japan
Bioindustry Association, 521
Japan Tobacco (Osaka), cancer vaccine
deal, 735
Japan Tobacco (Tokyo), AstraZeneca joint venture, 411
Japanese
Bionet, 1147
Johnson & Johnson (New Brunswick, NJ), 844,1058
K
Kac, Eduardo, 933,940
Kairos Scientific (Santa Clara,
CA), 417
Kauffman/Ballivet patent, 2,408,517(Err)
Kidney
tissue engineering, 413,421,451
Kinase activation, localized measurement,
739,752,759
Korea, human cloning experiment, 119
L
Lab-on-a-chip devices, 1051,1061,1109
Lactococcus
lactis, L-alanine production, 523,589
Lactose maldigestion, 121,135,160
The Lancet, GMO article, 1047
Land mines, biosensors and bioremediation,
732
Laser scanning confocal microscopy, 763
Law enforcement,
DNA evidence, 649
Leaf scald disease, engineered resistance, 943,1021
Leptin,
clinical trial results, 1147
Leucine zipper identification, 626,639,683
LeukoSite
(Cambridge, MA), 1151
Lignin biosynthesis repression, 739,750,808
Linear
expression elements, 318,329,355
Lion Bioscience AG (Heidelberg),
742
Lipofection, 840,873
Living modified organisms, 512,733
Low-lactose
milk production, 121,135,160
Lunasin, mitosis inhibition, 413,495
Lung
cancer vaccine, Japan Tobacco (Osaka) deal, 735
LXR Biotechnology
(Richmond, CA), 524
Lyon Life Science Network, 447
M
Maize PEPC expression, transgenic rice plants, 10,22,76
MALDI-TOF
mass spectrometry, DNA-protein interactions, 840,884
Male mice, cloning,
625
Mannose binding protein, 318,365
Marimastat, 117,212,939
Maskless
array synthesizer, 943,953,974
Mass spectrometry
differential
protein expression profiling, 943,954,994
DNA-protein interactions,
840,884
protein identification, 626,676
receptor-DNA
complexes, 1150,1214
Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, tumor targeting,
739,749,768
Matrix metalloproteinase type-2, structure solved, 625
Mechanical
stimulation, engineered smooth muscle, 943,979
Melanoma, tumor-specific
mutant Salmonella, 10,19,37
Mental disorders, drug discovery,
307
Merger mania, winners and losers, 1058
Merlin Bioscience
(London), 409,528
Messenger RNA levels, reverse transcriptase PCR,
720
Metabolic control analysis, 641
Metabolic engineering
Bavarian
Alps meeting, 137
drug discovery lessons from, 616
plant
glandular tissues, 31
Mexico
Chiapas region biodiversity
project, 119
pharmaceutical biotechnology emergence, 934
Miami
Group, 1047
Michigan, biotechnology initiative, 947
Microarray
technology, access complaints, 325
Microchips
drug
delivery use, 213
single nucleotide polymorphism discrimination,
318,365
Microfabricated fluorescence-activated cell sorter, 1051,1061,1109
Microfabrication/microfluidics,
patents, 606
Microinjection, galinstan expansion femtosyringe, 840,855,906
Micropatterning,
G protein-coupled receptor, 1051,1060,1105
Microsequencer, "real
world" DNA samples, 1050
Millennium Pharmaceuticals (Cambridge,
MA), 1048,1151
Minichaperones, refolding chromatography system, 121,131,187
Mini-intein
mutants, 840,854,889
MIRAS map, 1068
Mitochondrial dynamics,
two-photon microscopy, 739,763
Mitosis inhibition, soybean peptide,
413,495
Mitoxantrone, liposomal delivery system, 739,775
Molecular
breeding
interferon- genes, 739,793
subtilisin
DNA shuffling, 840,893
Molecular chaperones, refolding chromatography
system, 121,131,187
Molecular evolution. See Directed evolution
Monarch
butterflies, Bt-corn paper, 615,627,832,1154
Monoclonal antibodies
antitumor
effects, glycosylation, 121,176
enzyme regulation, engineering,
10,67
recombinant huMabs, antitumor activity, 214,276
transgenic
mice production, problems, 621,938
Monocyte chemotactic protein 3,
214,226,253
Monsanto (St. Louis, MO)
GM advertisements,
criticism, 837
GM soybeans, criticism, 848
"terminator"
technology temporarily terminated, 1054
MorphoSys (Munich, Germany),
1154
MPS-PPV biosensor, 1149
msbB mutant Salmonella
, tumor targeting, 10,19,37
Multidimensional chromatography,
protein identification, 626,676
Multidrug resistance, cancer, industry
trends, 94
Muscle-derived stem cells, 213
Mutation detection,
cyclic voltammetry, 942
Mycoplasmas, as gene therapy vectors, 4
Myogenic
regulatory elements, gene therapy, 214,224,241
N
Naked DNA, topical application, immunization, 840,870
Nanosphere
engineering, 412
Natrecor failure, 520
Natural products
research, new rules, 921
Near-infrared fluorescent probes, tumor
imaging, 318,375
Neuer Markt (Frankfurt, Germany), 222,624
Neural
cell adhesion molecule, 943,1000
Neural stem cells
biology
and repair pathways, 850
Parkinson's disease therapy, 626,635,653
reprogramming,
213,215
StemCell (Freemont, CA) commercialization, 215
Neuritogenic
ligand identification, combinatorial chemistry, 943,1000
Neuroblastoma,
IgG1 therapy optimization, 121,176
Neuron-restrictive silencer elements,
840,865
Neurons
growth priming, 213
See also Neural stem cells
NeXstar Pharmaceuticals (Boulder,
CO), 316
Nicotine-enriched tobacco inquiry, 1041
Nitrate
explosives, phytoremediation, 413,428,491
Nitric oxide, patent applications,
86
Novartis (Basel, Switzerland), 940
Nuclear localization
signal, peptide nucleic acid fusion, gene delivery, 739,784
Nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy, neuritogenic ligand identification, 943,1000
Nuclear
transfer
in human transplantation, 1171
peptide
scaffolds use, nondividing cells, 840,873
transgenic goats,
413,456
Nuffield Council, biotech report, 623
O
Ocular angiogenesis, photo dynamic therapy, 943,984
Oligonucleotide
arrays. See DNA chips
Oligonucleotide poisoning, 798
"Ome"
decade, 1143
Ontario biotechnology initiatives, 444
Oocytes
containerless
vitrification, 1234
gene transfer vector, 9
Opioid
receptors, conditional signaling, synthetic ligand, 121,131,165
Optical
imaging, tumors, 318,375
Orphan drugs
European regulation,
737
US law, 324
Oryza sativa, 214,230,282
Osteocompatibility,
photopolymerizable anhydrides, 121,156
Outsourcing core activities,
1229
Outstanding Service to Biotechnology Award, 519
Oxford
Amnesty Lectures, 400
Oxidants, hemoglobin-based blood substitutes,
545
P
p53 gene repair, 943,989
Paraquat, transgenic
plant protection, ferritin, 121,192
Parkinson's disease
ex vivo gene delivery, 318,349
neural stem cell therapy,
626,653
Patent expiration, pharma delay tactics, 220
Patents
biomedical
research tools, 819
Dickinson v. Zurko decision, 1131
European
applications, trends, 83
European filing rules, 18
India's
new laws, 8
natural products research, 921
novel
plant varieties, 197,717
"on-sale" bar ruling,
297
patent office decisions strengthened, 1131
protein
sequencing, 2,408
research tools, experimental use exemption,
1027
State Street algorithms case, 395
US
reform bill passes, 939
Patient groups, medicine/biotechnology partnerships,
935
PCR. See Polymerase chain reaction
PDZ domains,
protein engineering, 121,132,170
Peer review weaknesses, NIH grant
evaluations, 1146
Peptide libraries
advanced glycation
end products, 943,1006
protein mimic identification, 214,271
Peptide
nucleic acids
blood-brain barrier breach, intraperitoneal injection,
753
nuclear localization signal fusion, gene delivery, 739,784
patent
applications, 199
telomeric repeat DNA assay, 200
Peptidomimetics,
antigen inhibition, autoimmune disease, 523,562
Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase,
121,131,187
Peroxidase, dye-transfer inhibition, directed evolution,
318,333,379
Perry, Anthony, 841
PETN reductase, explosives
biodegradation, 413,428,491
Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, 297
Pfizer
Inc.
ArQule deal, 843
drug discovery spending,
736
Phage display
antibody production, 397
fibroblast
growth factor agonist design, 1150,1157,1199
hot spot libraries,
antibody affinity improvement, 523,568
matrix metalloproteinase
inhibitor, 739,749,768
recombinant huMab construction, 214,276
regulatable
enzyme engineering, 10,67
signal transduction pathway mapping,
1150,1193
Pharmaceutic platform companies, 16
Pharmaceutical
companies, biotech company deals, risks, 416
Pharmacia & Upjohn
(Bridgewater, NJ), 745
Pharmacogenomics, drug development role, 731
Pharmanex's
Cholestin ruling, 316
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, 10,22,76
6-Phosphofructo-kinase,
tumor cell growth, 412
Photo dynamic therapy, ocular angiogenesis,
943,984
Photopolymerizable anhydrides, bone substitute, 121,156
Photoresponsive
polymers, enzyme solubility control, 10,73
Phytoestrogens, 1162,1219
Phytoremediation,
explosive residues, 413,428,491
Pioneer HI-Bred (Des Moines, IA),
315
Plant bioengineering
glandular tissue, 31
See also Transgenic plants
Plant breeding survey, 938
Plant
patents, 197,717
Plasmid DNA
polymer matrices delivery
of, 523,534,551
purification method, 822
sequences
of, gene therapy, 517
topical application, immunization, 840,870
Plastics,
biodegradable, 541,943,960,1011,1041
Plastid transformation, 840,910
Pluripotent
embryonic stem cells. See Stem cells
Polgar, Susan, 729,735
Pollen
flow, GM plants, 520,836
Polyethylene glycol
programmable
fusogenic vesicle modification, 739,775
site-specific Fab modification,
739,780
Polyhydroxykanoates, 541,943,960,1011
Polyketide
synthases
combinatorial mutations, Streptomyces, 317
structure
of, plants, 738
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) matrices, plasmid DNA
delivery, 523,534,551
PolyMASC (London), 633
Polymer matrices,
DNA delivery, 523,534,551,887(Err)
Polymer production, 541,943,960,1011
Polymerase
chain reaction
Internet resources, 304
ligation
coupling, RNA probe generation, 608
unimolecular diagnostic
assay, 739,804
See also Reverse transcriptase PCR
Polymerizable
Fab', anti-cancer drug targeting, 1051,1101
Populus tremuloides
, lignin biosynthesis repression, 739,750,808
Posttranscriptional
gene silencing, 9
Potatoes. See Transgenic potatoes
Potyviruses,
engineered resistance, proteinase inhibitors, 1150,1223
Primed in
situ labeling technique, 200
Procollagen production, transgenic mice,
318,385
Prodrugs, tumor cell targeting, 738
Progenitor (Menlo
Park, CA), 119
Progeny BioVentures (Guilford, UK), 315
Programmable
fusogenic vesicles, 739,775
Protein-DNA interactions. See
DNA-protein interactions
Protein engineering
cancer
cell targeting, RNases, 214,227,265
cancer gene therapy, enzymes,
143
hybrid enzyme creation, combinatorial approach, 1150,1159,1205
incremental
truncation method, 522
mini-intein mutants, 840,854,889
PDZ
domains, 121,132,170
peroxidase directed evolution, 318,333,379
stearate
phenotype improvement, 523,593
Protein folding
green
fluorescent protein assay, 626,637,691
scorpion toxin Cn5,
121,131,187
Protein-fragment complementation assay, 626,639,683
Protein
function, structural genomics potential, 120
Protein identification,
mass spectrometry, 626,676
Protein kinase A, localized measurement,
oocytes, 739,752,759
Protein kinase C
fluorescence
microcopy techniques, 425
localized measurement, oocytes, 739,752,759
Protein
mimics
fibroblast growth factor agonist, 1150,1199
interleukin-10,
214,271
Protein profiling, differential display proteomics, 943,954,994
Protein-protein
interactions,
library-versus-library screening, 626,639,683
mapping
by phage display, 1150,1193
Protein purification
elastin-like
polypeptide tag, 1051,1112
tandem affinity tag, 1030
Protein
secretion, transgenic plants, hydroponic medium, 413,427,466
Protein
sequencing, patents, 2,408
"Protein therapy," 210
Protein
transduction, plasma membrane, 942
Proteinase inhibitors, in potyvirus
engineered resistance, 1150,1223
Proteomics, 233,626,676,943,954,994,1050
Psychotropic
drug discovery, 307
Public biotech 98 survey, 429
Public
sector plant breeding, 938
Pyrene, DNA incorporation, 640
Q
Quantitative RT-PCR, prerequisites, 835
Quinalizarin
sulfate, 523,578
R
Radiolabeling, one-step technetium technology, 840,849,897
Random
elongation mutagenesis, catalase, 10,21,58
Rapamycin, gene expression
control, 120
"RASSLs," 121,131,165
Reactive
oxygen species, transgenic plant protection, 121,192
Receptor studies,
recent patents, 719
Recombinant antibodies
antigen
presentation efficiency improvement, 626,670
ocular angiogenesis
treatment, 943,984
Recombinant procollagen engineering, 318,385
Red
fluorescent transcriptional reporter, 1150,1175
Relenza, FDA ruling,
323
Renal function replacement, tissue-engineered kidney, 413,421,451
Research
tool patents, 1027
Retinal gene expression reduction, 413,476
Retinoic
acid receptors, mass spectrometry, 1150,1214
Retrovirus-mediated
gene transfer, 25
Reverse genetic strategies, plants, 857
Reverse
transcriptase PCR
prerequisites, 835
mRNA levels,
720
Rheumatoid arthritis
drug discovery, trends, 726
peptidomimetic
antigen inhibition, 523,562
therapeutic antibodies, TNF-
immunization, 626,666
Rhizosecretion, hydroponic medium, transgenic
plants, 413,427,466
Rhône-Poulenc (Paris), Hoechst merger,
15
Ribonuclease inhibitor resistance engineering, 214,227,265,408
Ribozymes,
diagnostic use, 10,62
Rice plants
plastid transformation
tracking, 840,910
See also Transgenic rice
Rice
yellow mottle virus, 626,702
RNA aptamers, ribozyme binding, 522
tRNA
hybridization, structural influence, microarrays, 739,751,788
mRNA
levels, reverse transcriptase PCR, 720
RNA probe generation, 608
RNA
repair, 214,223,246,602(err)
RNA targeting, catalytic DNA, 413,422,480
RNA
vaccines, tick borne encephalitis, 9
Roslin Bio-Med Ltd (Roslin,
Midlothian, Scotland), 529
"Roundup-Ready" soybeans,
848
Rumor, 832,1046
S
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, G-protein signaling modulator
identification, 840,852,878
Sainsbury, Lord, 520,1048
Sainsbury
supermarkets boycott, 1048
Salicylic acid, infrared thermography
assay, 739,813
Salmonella, tumor-targeting, msbB mutation,
10,19,37
Salt tolerance
mustard plants, 942
stress-inducible
transcription factor expression, 214,229,287
Scorpion toxin Cn5,
refolding chromatography, 121,131,187
Semiconductor microchips, single
nucleotide polymorphism discrimination, 318,365
Seminal vesicles,
hGH production, transgenic mice, 1051,1087
Septic shock, antitumor
mutant Salmonella, 10,19,37
Sequenom (San Diego, CA and Hamburg,
Germany)
private financing, 519
technology patent
granted, 941
SEQUEST algorithm, 676
Shaman Pharmaceuticals
(South San Francisco, CA), 211
Shelby Amendment, 604
Signal
sequence trap, detection method, 413,487
Signal transduction
drug
discovery implications, 111
mapping by phage display, 1150,1193
Silkworm
fibroin gene, 412
Single-chain antibody fragments
one-stem
technetium-99m labeling, 840,849,897
recombinant huMab construction,
214,276
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
diagnostic
test, Flap endonuclease, 214,292
dynamic allele-specific hybridization,
87
electronic dot blot assay, microchips, 318,365
Japanese
project, 744
Single-tube genotyping, 804
Smooth muscle tissue,
mechanical strain regulation, 943,979
"Snorbozyme," 738
SNP
Consortium, 526
Somatic cell nuclear transfer, transgenic goats,
413,456
Soybean peptide, mitosis inhibition, 413,495
Space-age
gene transfer, 522
Spain, R&D budget boosts biotechnology, 1156
Sperm-mediated
transgenesis, 636
Spliceosome, RNA trans-splicing tool, 214,223,246,602(Err)
Stanford
Bio-X center, 1148
State Street case, 395
Stearate,
transgenic plant production, 523,593
Stem cells
ethics,
11,23
gene delivery use, dystrophin, 1050
human
transplantation, nuclear transfer, 1171
recent research patents,
396
StemCell (Freemont, CA), 215,838
Streptavidin, 1046
Streptococcus mutans, adhesion epitope, 10,20,42
Streptomyces
polyketide synthases, 317
Stress tolerance, transgenic plants,
214,287
Structural genomics, 120,1068
Substantial equivalence
concept, 1042
Subtilisin
DNA shuffling, 840,893
photoresponsive
solubility, 10,73
Sugarcane plants, albicidin detoxification, 943,1021
Sugen
(South San Francisco, CA), 745
Sugen Europe (Schaffhausen, Switzerland),
521
Superoxide dismutase mimic identified, 1050
Surface
plasmon resonance, G-protein receptor activation, 1051,1060,1105
Sustainable
polymer production, 541
Swiss Exchange's new market, 737
Switzerland
corn
seed contamination, 629
xenotransplantation ban, 316
Synthetic
ligands
G protein signaling control, 121,131,165
neural
cell adhesion molecule, 943,1000
Synthetic promoters, muscle tissue,
214,224,241
Systemic lupus erythematosus, FDA drug efficacy guidance,
319
T
T-cell epitope prediction, in silico approach, 523,533,555
T-cell
receptor, yeast cell display, 625
Taiwanese biotechnology, 440
Tandem
affinity purification tag, 1030
Tax issues, 501
Taxol, cellular
targets, 120
Technetium-99m, one-step labeling, 840,849,897
Telomere-dependent
senescence
cell aging theory limitations, 3,313
research
challenge, 313
Telomeric repeat DNA, assay comparison, 200
"Terminator"
technology, temporary termination of, 1054
Terpenoid metabolism,
31
Tetracycline
in conditional gene regulation system,
mice, 1051,1062,1091
glycosyltransferase regulation, 121,176
Tetrahymena thermophila, foreign antigen expression, 413,424,462
Therapeutic
antibodies, polyethylene glycol modification, 739,780
Therapeutic
cloning, 1171
Therapeutic peptides, future of, 755
Thermo
BioAnalysis (Santa Fe, NM), 13
Thermography, presymptomatic plant-virus
interactions, 739,813
Thermostability, peroxidase directed evolution,
318,333,379
Thioesterase expression, transgenic plant stearate production,
523,593
Thymidine kinase, AZT phosphorylation, DNA shuffling, 214,259,314(Err)
Tick
borne encephalitis, RNA vaccine, 9
Tissue engineering
acellular
collagen vascular graft, 1051,1083
DNA delivery from polymer
matrices, 523,534,551,817(err)
and human therapeutic cloning,
1171
industry trends, 508,1239
and mechanical
strain, smooth muscle development, 943,979
recent patents,
502
renal function replacement, 413,421,451
urinary
bladder reconstitution, 121,133,149
Tobacco etch virus, engineered
resistance, 1150,1223
Tobacco mosaic virus, infrared thermography,
739,813
Tobacco plants
plastid transformation tracking,
840,910
See also Transgenic tobacco plants
Topical
gene transfer, immunization via hair follicles, 840,870
Total RNA
method, poly(A)RNA method comparison, 1134
Trans-splicing
RNA repair, gene therapy tool, 214,223,246
Transcript profiling,
differential gene expression, 739,798
Transgenic African rice, virus
resistance, 626,702
Transgenic cattle, retrovirus-mediated gene transfer,
25
Transgenic cows, oocyte gene transfer, 9
Transgenic goats,
405
Transgenic mice
conditional gene regulation system,
1051,1062,1091
human growth hormone production, seminal vesicles,
1051,1087
low-lactose milk production, 121,135,160
recombinant
procollagen production, 318,385
Transgenic plants. See also
Transgenic tobacco plants
albicidin detoxification, 943,1021
ferritin
expression, 121,192,214,230,282
ipt expression marker,
840,916
nitrate explosives biodegradation, 413,428,491
rhizosecretion,
recombinant proteins, 413,427,491
risk assessment, Brassica
napus, 318,330,390
stearate production, 523,595
stress
tolerance, 214,287
transgene expression monitoring, 1051,1125
Transgenic
potatoes
cold-induced sweetening prevention, 626,708
Pusztai's
controversial results, 207
Transgenic rice
baculovirus
biocontrol potentiation, 1051,1122
beta-carotene production,
831
iron fortification, 214,230,282,621,831
maize
PEPC expression, 10,22,76
Transgenic tobacco plants
N-acylhomoserine lactone production, 943,958,1017
dinitroaniline
herbicide resistance, 626,712
ferritin expression, damage protection,
121,192
microbe communication, 943,958,1017
nitrate
explosive biodegradation, 413,428,491
proteinase inhibitor
expression, potyvirus resistance, 1150,1223
rhizosecretion,
recombinant proteins, 413,427,491
transgene expression monitoring,
1051,1125
Transgenic trees, lignin biosynthesis repression, 739,750,808
Transplantation
therapy
nuclear transfer techniques, 1171
Parkinson's
disease, 626,635,653
Transplastomics, 318,330,390,840,911
Transposon
mutagenesis, herpesvirus functional genomics, 318,332,360
Tree biotechnology
Arabidopsis model, 27
lignin biosynthesis repression, 739,750,808
Triplexing
oligonucleotides, gene repair, 943,989
Tubule cell therapy, 413,421,451
Tubulin
gene expression, dinitroaniline herbicide resistance, 626,712
Tumor
antigen-chemokine fusion, vaccine use, 214,226,253
Tumor-associated
carbohydrate antigens, 626,660
Tumor necrosis factor- immunization,
626, 666
Tumor targeting. See also Cancer therapy
Fab
polymeric drug delivery, 1051,1101
matrix metalloproteinase
inhibitor, 739,749,768
mutant Salmonella, 10,19,37
protease-activated
fluorescent probes, 318,375
Two-photon microscopy, hamster embryos,
739,763
Tyrosine hydroxylase, doxycycline-controlled expression,
318,349
U
UK government, biotech support, 215
UNESCO
in
developing countries, 434
US should rejoin, 615
United
Kingdom
biotech budget boost, 316
sustaining
biotech growth, 442
University of Hawaii
National
Science Foundation institute, 841
transgenesis suit, 841
Urinary
bladder, de novo reconstitution, 121,133,149
Uroporphyrinogen III
methyltransferase, 1175
US Department of Agriculture
African
program, 837
biotech policy, 735
organic farming
decision, 217
US FY2000 federal budget request, 219
US State
Department, scientific expertise needs, 1047
V
Vaccine adjuvants, 1075
Vaccines. See also Cancer
vaccines; DNA vaccine
adjuvant development, advances, 1075
anti-TNF-
autoantibodies, 626,666
Dam gene targeting, 522
in silico approach, epitope prediction, 523,533,555
recombinant
antibody engineering, 626,679
Tetrahymena foreign antigen
expression, 413,424,462
Vascular prostheses, acellular collagen remodeling,
1051,1083
Verotoxin, anticancer use, 738
Viral encapsulation
technology, 341
Virus resistance, transgenic approach, 626,702
Vitamin
D receptors, mass spectrometry, 1150,1214
Vitrification technique,
oocytes and embryos, 1234
W
Warburg effect, 412
Warner-Lambert (Morris Plains, NJ),
211
Washington State, biotechnology boom, 449
Web PCR, 304
Wellcome
Trust, biotechnology park thwarted, 940
Whey acidic protein promotor,
in conditional gene regulation, 1051,1062,1091
Window chamber tumor
model, 1033
World Bank task force, AIDS vaccines, 846
World
Wide Web. See Internet
X
Xenograft therapy, and acceptable risk, 1045
Xenopus
oocytes, kinase activation measurement, 739,752,759
Xenotransplantation
bioartificial
organs and acceptable risk, 1045
Bioartificial Organs conference
consensus, 335
industry trends, 205
Swiss trends,
205
Xenova Discovery's value questioned, 530
Y
Yeast two-hybrid system, multiple baits in, 1232
Yellowstone
National Park, bioprospecting blocked, 411
Z
Zaborsky, Oskar, 841
Zanamivir, FDA ruling, 323
Zidovudine,
thymidine kinase phosphorylation, DNA shuffling, 214,259
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