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The cover shows a selection of fossilized pollen from sediment cores collected from East Antarcticaâs continental shelf. These ancient remains were used by Sean Gulick, Amelia Shevenell and their colleagues to help date sediments eroded from the Aurora Subglacial Basin and document the evolution of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet over the past 55 million years. The teamâs marine geological record indicates that before 7 million years ago, the ice sheet behaved dynamically and was characterized by substantial surface meltwater, much like todayâs Greenland Ice Sheet. This behaviour occurred when temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to and higher than present â climate conditions expected to occur with continued global warming. Cover image: Sophie Warny, LSU
Amyloid-β peptide proteopathies disrupt mitochondria, and restoring mitochondrial proteostasis reduces protein aggregation in animal models of amyloid-β disease.
Disulfiram is metabolized into copper–diethyldithiocarbamate, which binds to NPL4 and induces its aggregation in cells, leading to blockade of the p97–NPL4–UFD1 pathway and induction of a complex cellular phenotype that results in cell death.
The structure of the Ca2+-activated, non-selective ion channel TRPM4 bound to the agonist Ca2+ and a modulator decavanadate, solved using electron cryo-microscopy.
A weak magnetic field regulates magnetically gated accretion of gas from a companion star onto the white dwarf in the binary system MV Lyrae, previously labelled as a ‘non-magnetic’ system.
The formation of cellular adhesion complexes is important in normal and pathological cell activity, and is determined by the force imposed by the combined effect of the distribution of extracellular matrix molecules and substrate rigidity.
Geophysical and geological data reveal increased ice-sheet variability and surface meltwater—possibly analogous to future conditions—offshore of the Aurora subglacial basin of East Antarctica during warm climate intervals of the past 50 million years.
Methane fluxes from the stems of Amazonian floodplain trees indicate that the escape of soil gas through wetland trees is the dominant source of methane emissions in the Amazon basin.
Measurements of the composition-dependent viscosity of rhyolitic magma reveal a tipping point that changes the physical properties of the melt and controls the transition between effusive and explosive eruptions.
Exit of epiblasts from an unrestricted naive pluripotent state is required for epithelialization and generation of the pro-amniotic cavity in mouse embryos and for amniotic cavity formation in human embryos and human embryonic stem cells.
Triangulation of microbe–phenotype relationships is an effective method for reducing the noise inherent in microbiota studies and enabling identification of causal microbes of disease, which may be applicable to human microbiome studies.
A product of the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme, 19,20-dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-DHDP), is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy; levels of 19,20-DHDP increase in the retinas of mice and humans with diabetes, and inhibition of its production can rescue vascular abnormalities in a mouse model of the disease.
The transcription factor Runx3 is identified as a central regulator of the development of tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells, providing insights into the signals that promote T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours.
The transmembrane domain of NOTCH1 plays a key role in the assembly of adherens junctions and the non-transcriptional regulation of vascular permeability that links transcriptional programs with adhesive and cytoskeletal remodelling.
RNA polymerase III is a key evolutionarily conserved regulator of longevity that may have potential as a therapeutic target for age-related conditions.
A new mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing regulation is revealed that is mediated by piRNA pathway components and is dependent on heterochromatin histone modifications.
The histone acetyl transferase KAT2A (also known as GCN5) can also catalyse histone succinylation, with the α-KGDH complex providing a local source of succinyl-CoA.