Editorials

Humanity and evolution p763

Charles Darwin's thinking about the natural world was profoundly influenced by his revulsion for slavery.

doi:10.1038/457763a

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Natural value p764

The economic downturn might be the best time to include ecosystem services in the real economy.

doi:10.1038/457764a

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Research Highlights

Human evolution: Relative values p766

doi:10.1038/457766a

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Geoscience: Ancient forests p766

doi:10.1038/457766b

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Genetics: Shady dealings p766

doi:10.1038/457766c

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Nanotechnology: Stretch marks p766

doi:10.1038/457766d

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Molecular biology: Solo signal p766

doi:10.1038/457766e

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Neuroscience: Burning sensation p766

doi:10.1038/457766f

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Astrophysics: Where are the dwarfs? p767

doi:10.1038/457767a

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Chemistry: Bangs in the dark p767

doi:10.1038/457767b

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Zoology: Horny? p767

doi:10.1038/457767c

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Neuroscience: Precision memories p767

doi:10.1038/457767d

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Journal Club

Journal club p767

Susan E. Hough

doi:10.1038/457767e

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News

Genome sequencing: the third generation p768

Companies unveil data from their latest technologies.

Erika Check Hayden

doi:10.1038/news.2009.86

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Britain hits a hurdle in replacing key animal-pathogen facility p769

Ministry pulls out of deal to redevelop Pirbright laboratory.

Natasha Gilbert

doi:10.1038/457769a

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Obama puts focus on FDA after peanut poisonings p770

Salmonella outbreak prompts review of US food safety

Meredith Wadman

doi:10.1038/457770a

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One more step for private Moon mission p770

Odyssey Moon secures Dutch payload.

Ashley Yeager

doi:10.1038/457770b

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Neglected disease boost p772

Fresh funding aims to raise awareness and improve control measures.

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/457772a

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Dutch university slashes evolution staff p772

Leiden researchers launch legal challenge over sackings.

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/457772b

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US nuclear agency to consider defensive move p774

Will the National Nuclear Security Administration leave the energy department?

Eric Hand

doi:10.1038/457774a

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Obama demands rethink of regulatory processes p775

doi:10.1038/457775a

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US takes pole position in generation of wind power p775

doi:10.1038/457775b

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Pakistan releases nuclear smuggler from house arrest p775

doi:10.1038/457775c

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Sweden backs construction of new nuclear plants p775

doi:10.1038/457775d

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Transgenic drug gets green light from the United States p775

doi:10.1038/457775e

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Lucy's museum tour threatens to become a spell in storage p775

doi:10.1038/457775f

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News Features

Darwin 200: The other strand p776

Geneticists looked to the human genome to understand human evolution. But it's hard to interpret without considering the inheritance of culture, finds Erika Check Hayden.

doi:10.1038/457776a

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Darwin 200: Human nature: the remix p780

People's mindsets are neither fixed by evolution nor infinitely malleable by culture. Dan Jones looks for the similarities that underlie the diversity of human nature.

doi:10.1038/457780a

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Correspondence

Multiple metrics required to measure research performance p785

Stevan Harnad

doi:10.1038/457785a

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Evolution shapes systems, not just genes p785

Mark S. Blumberg

doi:10.1038/457785b

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How objective is a definition in the subspecies debate? p785

Malte C. Ebach & David M. Williams

doi:10.1038/457785c

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Batteries versus biomass as a transport solution p785

Martin Smith

doi:10.1038/457785d

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Commentaries

Darwin 200: Should scientists study race and IQ? NO: Science and society do not benefit p786

In the first of two opposing commentaries, Steven Rose argues that studies investigating possible links between race, gender and intelligence do no good. In the second, Stephen Ceci and Wendy M. Williams argue that such research is both morally defensible and important for the pursuit of truth.

doi:10.1038/457786a

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Darwin 200: Should scientists study race and IQ? YES: The scientific truth must be pursued p788

In this, the second of two opposing commentaries, Stephen Ceci and Wendy M. Williams argue that such research is both morally defensible and important for the pursuit of truth. In the first, Steven Rose argues that studies investigating possible links between race, gender and intelligence do no good.

doi:10.1038/457788a

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Essay

Darwin 200: A flight of fancy p790

Henry Nicholls wonders how things would be different had Charles Darwin given in to pressure from his publisher to rewrite Origin of Species into a popular book about pigeons.

Henry Nicholls

doi:10.1038/457790a

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Books and Arts

Darwin 200: A vision of humanity united p792

A controversial new reconstruction of Charles Darwin's life suggests his family's campaign against slavery influenced his belief that all humans evolved from a single ancestor, explains W. F. Bynum.

W. F. Bynum

doi:10.1038/457792a

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Darwin 200: Poems from Darwin's descendant p794

Amid the many analyses of Darwin's life and work, a more intimate literary portrait emerges from the poetry of his great-great-granddaughter, Ruth Padel. Her series of poems on his life — six of which are reproduced here — evokes the emotion and drama of the naturalist's discoveries.

doi:10.1038/457794a

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News and Views

Virology: Final entry key for hepatitis C p797

To propagate, the hepatitis C virus relies on entry into liver cells. Ironically, cellular proteins that normally assemble firm seals between adjacent cells serve as crucial keys by which the virus gains access.

Thomas Pietschmann

doi:10.1038/457797a

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Quantum optics: A grip on entanglement p798

Quantum buffers will be an essential part of quantum-information networks. A buffer that can preserve not only a 'quantum bit' but also a 'quantum image' is a major step towards creating those networks.

John C. Howell

doi:10.1038/457798a

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Diagnostics: The prostate-cancer metabolome p799

Non-invasive detection and prognostic evaluation of cancer represents a formidable challenge. Studies of the entire metabolite composition of cells promise advances towards this objective for prostate cancer.

Cory Abate-Shen & Michael M. Shen

doi:10.1038/457799a

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Solid-state chemistry: Boron charged under pressure p800

Crystal-structure prediction methods and diffraction data show that a newly discovered form of boron is partially ionic. This is the first time such a structure has been observed for any elemental solid.

John S. Tse

doi:10.1038/457800a

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Developmental biology: Birth of the blood cell p801

Could it be that mouse fetal liver cells and adult bone-marrow blood cells originate from a subset of cells that line the blood vessels in the embryo? Several lines of evidence suggest that this is indeed the case.

Momoko Yoshimoto & Mervin C. Yoder

doi:10.1038/457801a

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Evolution: Unnatural selection p803

Fishing and hunting by humans are the main causes of mortality in many populations of wild animals. The consequence is that large and rapid changes occur in certain characteristics that far exceed changes due to other agents.

Nils Chr. Stenseth & Erin S. Dunlop

doi:10.1038/457803a

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Analytical chemistry: Reactions assayed by magnets p805

Does it float or sink? And to what extent? The answers to these questions can be used to follow the course of chemical reactions on solid supports, and are obtained simply by using two magnets, a salt solution and a ruler.

David E. Bergbreiter

doi:10.1038/457805a

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Brief Communications Arising

ETS rearrangements and prostate cancer initiation pE1

Brett S. Carver, Jennifer Tran, Zhenbang Chen, Arkaitz Carracedo-Perez, Andrea Alimonti, Caterina Nardella, Anuradha Gopalan, Peter T. Scardino, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, William Gerald & Pier Paolo Pandolfi

doi:10.1038/nature07738

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Tomlins et al. reply pE2

Scott A. Tomlins, Bharathi Laxman, Saravana M. Dhanasekaran, Beth E. Helgeson, Xuhong Cao, David S. Morris, Anjana Menon, Xiaojun Jing, Qi Cao, Bo Han, Jindan Yu, Lei Wang, James E. Montie, Mark A. Rubin, Kenneth J. Pienta, Diane Roulston, Rajal B. Shah, Sooryanarayana Varambally, Rohit Mehra & Arul M. Chinnaiyan

doi:10.1038/nature07739

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Articles

Life without a wall or division machine in Bacillus subtilis p849

M. Leaver, P. Domínguez-Cuevas, J. M. Coxhead, R. A. Daniel & J. Errington

doi:10.1038/nature07742

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (647K) | Supplementary information

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ChIP-seq accurately predicts tissue-specific activity of enhancers p854

Axel Visel, Matthew J. Blow, Zirong Li, Tao Zhang, Jennifer A. Akiyama, Amy Holt, Ingrid Plajzer-Frick, Malak Shoukry, Crystal Wright, Feng Chen, Veena Afzal, Bing Ren, Edward M. Rubin & Len A. Pennacchio

doi:10.1038/nature07730

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (538K) | Supplementary information

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Letters

Tunable delay of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement p859

A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer & P. D. Lett

doi:10.1038/nature07751

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (507K) | Supplementary information

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Ionic high-pressure form of elemental boron p863

Artem R. Oganov, Jiuhua Chen, Carlo Gatti, Yanzhang Ma, Yanming Ma, Colin W. Glass, Zhenxian Liu, Tony Yu, Oleksandr O. Kurakevych & Vladimir L. Solozhenko

doi:10.1038/nature07736

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (812K) | Supplementary information

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Nanomoulding with amorphous metals p868

Golden Kumar, Hong X. Tang & Jan Schroers

doi:10.1038/nature07718

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Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones p873

H. Thybo & C. A. Nielsen

doi:10.1038/nature07688

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A burst of segmental duplications in the genome of the African great ape ancestor p877

Tomas Marques-Bonet, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Mario Ventura, Tina A. Graves, Ze Cheng, LaDeana W. Hillier, Zhaoshi Jiang, Carl Baker, Ray Malfavon-Borja, Lucinda A. Fulton, Can Alkan, Gozde Aksay, Santhosh Girirajan, Priscillia Siswara, Lin Chen, Maria Francesca Cardone, Arcadi Navarro, Elaine R. Mardis, Richard K. Wilson & Evan E. Eichler

doi:10.1038/nature07744

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Human occludin is a hepatitis C virus entry factor required for infection of mouse cells p882

Alexander Ploss, Matthew J. Evans, Valeriya A. Gaysinskaya, Maryline Panis, Hana You, Ype P. de Jong & Charles M. Rice

doi:10.1038/nature07684

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Runx1 is required for the endothelial to haematopoietic cell transition but not thereafter p887

Michael J. Chen, Tomomasa Yokomizo, Brandon M. Zeigler, Elaine Dzierzak & Nancy A. Speck

doi:10.1038/nature07619

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The haemangioblast generates haematopoietic cells through a haemogenic endothelium stage p892

Christophe Lancrin, Patrycja Sroczynska, Catherine Stephenson, Terry Allen, Valerie Kouskoff & Georges Lacaud

doi:10.1038/nature07679

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (676K) | Supplementary information

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Continuous single-cell imaging of blood generation from haemogenic endothelium p896

Hanna M. Eilken, Shin-Ichi Nishikawa & Timm Schroeder

doi:10.1038/nature07760

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Calcium flickers steer cell migration p901

Chaoliang Wei, Xianhua Wang, Min Chen, Kunfu Ouyang, Long-Sheng Song & Heping Cheng

doi:10.1038/nature07577

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ABIN-1 is a ubiquitin sensor that restricts cell death and sustains embryonic development p906

Shigeru Oshima, Emre E. Turer, Joseph A. Callahan, Sophia Chai, Rommel Advincula, Julio Barrera, Nataliya Shifrin, Bettina Lee, Benjamin Yen, Tammy Woo, Barbara A. Malynn & Averil Ma

doi:10.1038/nature07575

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Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression p910

Arun Sreekumar, Laila M. Poisson, Thekkelnaycke M. Rajendiran, Amjad P. Khan, Qi Cao, Jindan Yu, Bharathi Laxman, Rohit Mehra, Robert J. Lonigro, Yong Li, Mukesh K. Nyati, Aarif Ahsan, Shanker Kalyana-Sundaram, Bo Han, Xuhong Cao, Jaeman Byun, Gilbert S. Omenn, Debashis Ghosh, Subramaniam Pennathur, Danny C. Alexander, Alvin Berger, Jeffrey R. Shuster, John T. Wei, Sooryanarayana Varambally, Christopher Beecher & Arul M. Chinnaiyan

doi:10.1038/nature07762

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A stress-responsive RNA switch regulates VEGFA expression p915

Partho Sarothi Ray, Jie Jia, Peng Yao, Mithu Majumder, Maria Hatzoglou & Paul L. Fox

doi:10.1038/nature07598

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Corrigendum

Nuclear cytokine-activated IKK controls prostate cancer metastasis by repressing Maspin p920

Jun-Li Luo, Wei Tan, Jill M. Ricono, Olexandr Korchynskyi, Ming Zhang, Steven L. Gonias, David A. Cheresh & Michael Karin

doi:10.1038/nature07715

Full Text | PDF (37K) | Supplementary information

Naturejobs

European innovation p921

By some measures, Europe is improving its innovation performance.

Gene Russo

doi:10.1038/nj7231-921a

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Darwin 200:   Beyond bones p922

Ricki Lewis reports on biological anthropologists' branching out into crime forensics and science policy.

Ricki Lewis

doi:10.1038/nj7231-922a

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Philip Mote, director, Oregon Climate Change Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon p924

Climatologist takes top post at new climate research institute in Oregon.

Virginia Gewin

doi:10.1038/nj7231-924a

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No drug for job haemorrhage p924

Company executives at Pfizer and Wyeth aren't revealing where merger-related job cuts would be.

Karen Kaplan

doi:10.1038/nj7231-924b

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Cutting a deal for my career p924

My career choices sometimes make me feel like I'm in a bad game show.

Sam Walcott

doi:10.1038/nj7231-924c

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Futures

For the love of mechanical minds p926

Survival of the fittest?

Brenda Cooper

doi:10.1038/457926a

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