Tuning in to how genes control hearing development.
doi:10.1038/7212xia
Table of contents
Volume 455 Number 7212 pp431-564
(this content only available online) indicates content that is available online only
Making the paper: John Brigande pxi
Abstractions pxi
doi:10.1038/7212xib
From the blogosphere pxi
doi:10.1038/7212xic
Top of page
Editorials
America's fresh start p431
The next US president will lead the country back onto the world stage in many arenas, including science.
doi:10.1038/455431a
Creation and classrooms p431
Better to confront superstition with science than to disregard the superstitious.
doi:10.1038/455431b
Pathways to security p432
Self-regulation is a good first step — but synthetic-biology companies still need independent oversight.
doi:10.1038/455432a
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Research Highlights
Marine ecology: Seeing red p434
doi:10.1038/455434a
Cell biology: Home-grown fat control p434
doi:10.1038/455434b
Materials science: A rarefied insulator p434
doi:10.1038/455434c
Nonlinear dynamics: Loading the dice p434
doi:10.1038/455434d
Astronomy: When Triton lost its mate p434
doi:10.1038/455434e
Ecology: Fire prevention p434
doi:10.1038/455434f
Neuroscience: Sweet connections p435
doi:10.1038/455435a
Palaeontology: Whale of a tail p435
doi:10.1038/455435b
Animal behaviour: Counting bee p435
doi:10.1038/455435c
Solar power: Light work p435
doi:10.1038/455435d
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News
LHC meltdown before first collision p436
Europe's largest particle accelerator might not produce data until 2009.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/455436a
California institute to help stem-cell biotechs p436
Loan programme aims to support firms in getting products to the clinic.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/455436b
Monoclonal antibodies come of age p437
Gulf states plan for nuclear future p438
Oil-rich nations concern proliferation experts with atomic projects.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/455438a
Brazil braced for unexpected oil wealth p438
President appoints committee to exploit reservoirs found on coast.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455438b
Snapshot: Marine marvels p440
doi:10.1038/455440a
Creationism row forces out UK educator p441
doi:10.1038/455441a
Anthrax enquiry to undergo independent review p441
doi:10.1038/455441b
Researcher punished for misconduct wins NSF grant p441
doi:10.1038/455441c
Australian clinic gets permit to clone stem cells p441
doi:10.1038/455441d
Agency drops disputed chelation study p441
doi:10.1038/455441e
Arctic ice shrinks less this year than last p441
doi:10.1038/455441f
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News Features
US election: The home stretch p442
The leading US presidential candidates are not trying to woo voters with science issues. But the senator who wins will help shape the world's most influential research agenda. Alexandra Witze looks at how John McCain and Barack Obama have developed their thoughts on science and technology, and where each of them might take the country if elected.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/455442a
US election: Questioning the candidates p446
Barack Obama accepted Nature's invitation to answer 18 science-related questions in writing; John McCain's campaign declined. Obama's answers to many of the questions are printed here; answers to additional questions (on topics including biosecurity, the nuclear weapons laboratories and US participation in international projects) can be found at http://www.nature.com/uselection. Wherever possible, Nature has noted what McCain has said at other times on these topics.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/455446a
US election: Agencies of change p451
A new president could bring radical shifts to America's major research entities. Nature profiles some of the agencies in need of a makeover.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455451a
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Column
US election: Not the best advice p453
Concerns about the next president's science adviser miss the real issues, says David Goldston.
David Goldston
doi:10.1038/455453a
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News Feature
Science prizes: Best in class p455
What is it like to be labelled a genius? Kendall Powell follows the paths of four MacArthur Fellows - and finds they lead to rutting elephant bulls, climate-change champions, hybrid sunflowers and robotic hands.
Kendall Powell
doi:10.1038/455455a
Top of page
Correspondence
Shaping science education in just 100 words p460
Animal research: too much faith in models clouds judgement p460
Animal research: raise standards to protect patients p460
Energy: efficiency gains alone won't reduce emissions p460
Energy: time to consider heavy-metal nuclear coolants? p461
Big data: open-source format needed to aid wiki collaboration p461
Big data: teaching must evolve to keep up with advances p461
Top of page
Commentary
A cat's cradle for policy p462
The OECD is developing a strategy for nations to measure and ultimately promote innovation. It requires knowledge of a complex system, say Fred Gault and Susanne Huttner.
Fred Gault & Susanne Huttner
doi:10.1038/455462a
Top of page
Books and Arts
Land of giants p464
Expansion of the railways across the western United States changed the face of vertebrate palaeontology, and perhaps the country itself, explains Ross MacPhee.
doi:10.1038/455464a
Which science book should the next US president read? p464
Steven Shapin, Jerry Coyne, Rita Colwell, Martin Nowak, Jerry Ravetz & Kevin Padian
doi:10.1038/455464b
A sustainable home for science p466
doi:10.1038/455466a
Saving public universities p467
doi:10.1038/455467a
Q&A: Science sketched out p468
The annual UK Big Draw festival, a month of nationwide workshops and talks launched this weekend in London, teaches people how to 'see' through drawing. Terry Rosenberg, head of design at Goldsmiths, University of London, explains how gaining skills in life drawing can help scientists perceive the world and communicate their results.
Louise Whiteley
doi:10.1038/455468a
Top of page
Essay
Meetings that changed the world: Bellagio 1969: The green revolution p470
Agriculture in developing countries was transformed when scientists met aid officials and convinced them to invest in research. Lowell S. Hardin was there, and believes today's food crisis demands a similar vision.
Lowell S. Hardin
doi:10.1038/455470a
Top of page
News and Views
構造生物学: 受容体の働きをとらえる
Structural biology: A moving story of receptors p473
Animals sense light and chemical signals through proteins called G-protein-coupled receptors. The crystal structure of one such receptor in complex with a G-protein fragment shows how these receptors are activated.
Thue W. Schwartz & Wayne L. Hubbell
doi:10.1038/455473a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (636K)
固体物理学: 磁化を操作する新規な方法
Solid-state physics: New order for magnetism p474
Physicists have come up with an innovative way of manipulating the direction of magnetization in a solid. The approach might be used to make low-power-consumption computer memory devices.
Eiji Saitoh
doi:10.1038/455474a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (257K)
聴力: 正統派の有毛細胞になる経路
Hearing: Route to authentic hair cells p475
Existing therapies for hearing defects are generally ineffective in severe forms of deafness. A technical feat that generates sound-sensing hair cells in the inner ear of mice might have long-term potential.
Mats Ulfendahl
doi:10.1038/455475a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (275K)
宇宙物理学: 瞬く間に消える光の観測
Astrophysics: How fast can you blink? p477
Serendipitous observations have revealed fast optical flaring after the onset of X-ray-burst activity from a source in our Milky Way galaxy. It could be the first time this has been observed in a rare kind of neutron star.
Chryssa Kouveliotou
doi:10.1038/455477a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (175K)
神経科学: 老化した脳でのミエリン修復
Neuroscience: An ageing view of myelin repair p478
When the myelin layer that covers neuronal processes is lost through disease, neural stem cells recapitulate the developmental program of 'myelination'. The underlying molecular mechanisms often fail in the ageing brain.
Klaus-Armin Nave
doi:10.1038/455478a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (162K)
がん: 絡み合う経路
Cancer: Entangled pathways p479
A medley of molecules, and the interactions between them, mediate cancer. The latest news is that the enzyme CDK8 orchestrates cross-talk between two signalling pathways that are frequently deregulated in human cancers.
René Bernards
doi:10.1038/455479a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (293K)
Top of page
News and Views Q&A
微生物学: メタゲノミクス
Microbiology: Metagenomics p481
Ten years after the term metagenomics was coined, the approach continues to gather momentum. This culture-independent, molecular way of analysing environmental samples of cohabiting microbial populations has opened up fresh perspectives on microbiology.
Philip Hugenholtz & Gene W. Tyson
doi:10.1038/455481a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (252K)
Top of page
Articles
振動数によって調節を受ける核局在化バーストが遺伝子調節を協調させる
Frequency-modulated nuclear localization bursts coordinate gene regulation p485
Long Cai, Chiraj K. Dalal & Michael B. Elowitz
doi:10.1038/nature07292
C. elegansにおけるトランススプライシングはRNAiの負の制御因子ERI-6/7を生み出す
Trans-splicing in C. elegans generates the negative RNAi regulator ERI-6/7 p491
Sylvia E. J. Fischer, Maurice D. Butler, Qi Pan & Gary Ruvkun
doi:10.1038/nature07274
Gタンパク質と相互作用するコンホメーションにあるオプシンの結晶構造
Crystal structure of opsin in its G-protein-interacting conformation p497
Patrick Scheerer,
Jung Hee Park,
Peter W. Hildebrand,
Yong Ju Kim,
Norbert Krau
,
Hui-Woog Choe,
Klaus Peter Hofmann
&
Oliver P. Ernst
doi:10.1038/nature07330
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,088K) | Supplementary information
Top of page
CDK8 is a colorectal cancer oncogene that regulates
E2F1 represses
Letters
銀河内の新しいマグネターと考えられる天体からの非常に急速に変動する可視光のフレア
Very fast optical flaring from a possible new Galactic magnetar p503
A. Stefanescu,
G. Kanbach,
A. S
owikowska,
J. Greiner,
S. McBreen
&
G. Sala
doi:10.1038/nature07308
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (289K)
銀河系内のマグネター候補天体からのフレアは、これが暗い孤立中性子星に至るミッシングリンクであることを示唆している
Flares from a candidate Galactic magnetar suggest a missing link to dim isolated neutron stars p506
A. J. Castro-Tirado, A. de Ugarte Postigo, J. Gorosabel, M. Jelínek, T. A. Fatkhullin, V. V. Sokolov, P. Ferrero, D. A. Kann, S. Klose, D. Sluse, M. Bremer, J. M. Winters, D. Nuernberger, D. Pérez-Ramírez, M. A. Guerrero, J. French, G. Melady, L. Hanlon, B. McBreen, K. Leventis, S. B. Markoff, S. Leon, A. Kraus, F. J. Aceituno, R. Cunniffe, P. Kubánek, S. Vítek, S. Schulze, A. C. Wilson, R. Hudec, M. Durant, J. M. González-Pérez, T. Shahbaz, S. Guziy, S. B. Pandey, L. Pavlenko, E. Sonbas, S. A. Trushkin, N. N. Bursov, N. A. Nizhelskij, C. Sánchez-Fernández & L. Sabau-Graziati
doi:10.1038/nature07328
非古典共振器場状態の再構成とそれらのデコヒーレンスのスナップショット
Reconstruction of non-classical cavity field states with snapshots of their decoherence p510
Samuel Deléglise, Igor Dotsenko, Clément Sayrin, Julien Bernu, Michel Brune, Jean-Michel Raimond & Serge Haroche
doi:10.1038/nature07288
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,557K) | Supplementary information
電場による磁化ベクトル操作
Magnetization vector manipulation by electric fields p515
D. Chiba, M. Sawicki, Y. Nishitani, Y. Nakatani, F. Matsukura & H. Ohno
doi:10.1038/nature07318
グリーンランド-スコットランド海嶺を越える越流の観測された安定性およびモデル実験での安定性
Observed and modelled stability of overflow across the Greenland–Scotland ridge p519
Steffen M. Olsen, Bogi Hansen, Detlef Quadfasel & Svein Østerhus
doi:10.1038/nature07302
マッデン・ジュリアン振動と北大西洋振動の季節内相互作用
Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden–Julian Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation p523
近東および南東ヨーロッパにおける牧牛に関連した乳利用の最古の年代
Earliest date for milk use in the Near East and southeastern Europe linked to cattle herding p528
Richard P. Evershed,
Sebastian Payne,
Andrew G. Sherratt,
Mark S. Copley,
Jennifer Coolidge,
Duska Urem-Kotsu,
Kostas Kotsakis,
Mehmet Özdo
an,
Aslý E. Özdoan,
Olivier Nieuwenhuyse,
Peter M. M. G. Akkermans,
Douglass Bailey,
Radian-Romus Andeescu,
Stuart Campbell,
Shahina Farid,
Ian Hodder,
Nurcan Yalman,
Mihriban Özba
aran,
Erhan B
çakc,
Yossef Garfinkel,
Thomas Levy
&
Margie M. Burton
doi:10.1038/nature07180
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (385K)
1918年のインフルエンザ世界的大流行時の生存者のB細胞から得られた中和抗体
Neutralizing antibodies derived from the B cells of 1918 influenza pandemic survivors p532
Xiaocong Yu, Tshidi Tsibane, Patricia A. McGraw, Frances S. House, Christopher J. Keefer, Mark D. Hicar, Terrence M. Tumpey, Claudia Pappas, Lucy A. Perrone, Osvaldo Martinez, James Stevens, Ian A. Wilson, Patricia V. Aguilar, Eric L. Altschuler, Christopher F. Basler & James E. Crowe Jr
doi:10.1038/nature07231
in utero遺伝子導入によって哺乳類蝸牛で作られる、機能をもった聴覚有毛細胞
Functional auditory hair cells produced in the mammalian cochlea by in utero gene transfer p537
Samuel P. Gubbels, David W. Woessner, John C. Mitchell, Anthony J. Ricci & John V. Brigande
doi:10.1038/nature07265
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,202K) | Supplementary information
電子線トモグラフィーにより明らかになった上皮細胞を通過するFcRn介在性の抗体輸送
FcRn-mediated antibody transport across epithelial cells revealed by electron tomography p542
Wanzhong He, Mark S. Ladinsky, Kathryn E. Huey-Tubman, Grant J. Jensen, J. Richard McIntosh & Pamela J. Björkman
doi:10.1038/nature07255
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,870K) | Supplementary information
CDK8は、結腸直腸がん遺伝子でβ-カテニンの活性を調節する
CDK8 is a colorectal cancer oncogene that regulates 
-catenin activity p547
Ron Firestein, Adam J. Bass, So Young Kim, Ian F. Dunn, Serena J. Silver, Isil Guney, Ellen Freed, Azra H. Ligon, Natalie Vena, Shuji Ogino, Milan G. Chheda, Pablo Tamayo, Stephen Finn, Yashaswi Shrestha, Jesse S. Boehm, Supriya Jain, Emeric Bojarski, Craig Mermel, Jordi Barretina, Jennifer A. Chan, Jose Baselga, Josep Tabernero, David E. Root, Charles S. Fuchs, Massimo Loda, Ramesh A. Shivdasani, Matthew Meyerson & William C. Hahn
doi:10.1038/nature07179
E2F1はβ-カテニン転写を抑制し、pRBとCDK8の双方によって拮抗される
E2F1 represses -catenin transcription and is antagonized by both pRB and CDK8 p552
Erick J. Morris, Jun-Yuan Ji, Fajun Yang, Luisa Di Stefano, Anabel Herr, Nam-Sung Moon, Eun-Jeong Kwon, Kevin M. Haigis, Anders M. Näär & Nicholas J. Dyson
doi:10.1038/nature07310
哺乳類細胞では、複製フォークの動きがクロマチンのループの大きさと複製起点の選択を決める
Replication fork movement sets chromatin loop size and origin choice in mammalian cells p557
Sylvain Courbet, Sophie Gay, Nausica Arnoult, Gerd Wronka, Mauro Anglana, Olivier Brison & Michelle Debatisse
doi:10.1038/nature07233
Top of page
Career View
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p561
China as both an exporter and an importer of science talent.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7212-561a
Career View
Stephen Simpson, director of life sciences, Science Foundation Ireland, Dublin, Ireland p562
Immunologist takes circuitous path to Science Foundation Ireland.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562a
Two-body solution p562
Study suggests an upside to the 'two-body problem'.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562b
Professional encounters p562
Interacting with my scientist peers can make me nervous.
Aliza le Roux
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562c
