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Nature 454, 1053 (28 August 2008) | doi:10.1038/4541053a; Published online 27 August 2008

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Spartan sport laid bare

Martin Kemp1

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Edgar Degas's painting of female athletes challenging male competitors in classical Sparta raises subtle questions about gender, politics and sport, explains Martin Kemp.

The original Olympic Games, first recorded in 776 bc at Olympia, Greece, were driven by the Greek cult of the body beautiful and the body athletic. This is directly reflected in ancient sculptures of the male form.